创新创业教育概念发展与内涵探讨

Discussion on The Concept Development and Connotation of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education

创新创业教育作为一个学术概念存在20多年,作为一个政策概念也有10多年了,但“什么是创新创业教育”还不甚明了,影响创新创业教育进一步发展。从人才和教育两个维度作学术史梳理的基础上,指出“创造型人才”“创新人才”“创业人才”“创新创业人才”四者之间没有本质区别,都是探讨培养“什么样的好人才”来满足以经济建设为中心的社会主义初级阶段的现代化建设需要。受国内外因素影响,创新创业教育概念历经四个发展阶段。结合创新创业教育实践和跨学科人才培养实践,指出创新创业教育的本质内涵是跨学科教育,是一种有别于专业教育但又以专业教育为基础,采用跨学科的手段、方法和途径去培养具有一定跨学科素养,具备解决复杂科技问题和社会问题能力的人才培养活动。

Innovation and entrepreneurship education has existed as an academic concept for more than 20 years,and as a policy concept for more than 10 years,but"what is innovation and entrepreneurship education"is still unclear,which affects the further development of innovation and entrepreneurship education.On the basis of sorting out the academic history from the two dimensions of talent and education,it points out that there is no essential difference between"creative talents","innovative talents","entrepreneurial talents",and"innovative and entrepreneurial talents".They all explore the cultivation of"what kind of good talents"to meet the needs of modernization construction in the primary stage of socialism centered on economic construction.Affected by domestic and foreign factors,the concept of innovation and entrepreneurship education has gone through four stages of development.Combining innovation and entrepreneurship education practice with interdisciplinary talent cultivation practice,this paper proposes that innovation and entrepreneurship education’s essential connotation is interdisciplinary education,which is different from professional education but based on professional education.using interdisciplinary means,methods and approaches to cultivate talents with certain interdisciplinary literacy and the ability to solve complex scientific and social problems.