不同直插型基质对3种盆栽菊花生长的影响以及综合评价

Effects of Different Straight Plug-in Substrates on the Growth of Three Potted Chrysanthemum morifolium and Their Comprehensive Evaluation

为提高盆栽菊花(Chrysanthemum morifolium)扦插繁殖的成活率,提高菊花生产效率,以既有扦插基质又有营养基质的直插型基质代替传统栽培基质,设置了12种不同扦插基质,配合前期筛选的营养基质,扦插培养3种盆栽菊花‘辉煌’‘波尔多红’‘黄芙蓉’。测量其生长、生理以及光合指标,并利用主成分分析和隶属函数对不同直插型基质的盆栽菊花生长效果进行综合评价。结果表明:扦插基质为Z1(河沙)、Z2(珍珠岩)、Z3(蛭石)时,3个盆栽菊花品种的株高、茎粗、冠幅及花期等生长指标更具优势。‘辉煌’‘波尔多红’‘黄芙蓉’在Z2处理中的综合评价指数最高,分别为0.999、0.940、1.000,说明其育苗效果最好,可作为最佳直插型基质,其次为Z1、Z3处理。而扦插基质中,椰糠、稻壳和泥炭体积占比较大时,并不利于盆栽菊花的生长。

In order to improve the survival rate of Chrysanthemum morifolium cuttings propagation and increase the production efficiency of C.morifolium,straight plug-in substrates with both traditional cultivation substrate and nutrient substrate was used to replace the traditional cultivation substrate.12 different cutting substrates were set up,and three potted C.morifolium varieties,C.morifolium‘Huihuang’,C.morifolium‘Boerduohong’and C.morifolium‘Huangfurong’,were cuttings and cultivated combined with pre-selected nutrient substrates.Their growth,physiological,as well as photosynthetic indexes were measured,and the growth effects of potted C.morifolium with different straight plug-in substrates were comprehensively evaluated using principal component analysis and affiliation function.The results showed that when the cutting substrates were Z1(river sand),Z2(perlite),and Z3(vermiculite),the growth indexes such as plant height,stem thickness,crown width,and flowering period of the three C.morifolium varieties were more advantageous.C.morifolium‘Huihuang’,C.morifolium‘Boerduohong’and C.morifolium‘Huangfurong’had the highest overall evaluation indexs in Z2 treatment,with weights of 0.999,0.940 and 1.000,respectively,indicating thattheir seedling effect was the best and could be used as the best straight plug-in substrates,followed by the Z1 and Z3 treatments.Among the cutting substrates,a large proportion of coconut bran,rice husk,and peat was not conducive to the growth of potted C.morifolium.