新型同种异体骨修复骨缺损动物实验研究

Experimental Study on the Repair of Bone Defect with a New Type of Allogeneic Bone

目的 探究新型同种异体骨修复骨缺损效果。方法 用雄性新西兰兔构建骨损伤动物模型,将60只兔随机分为实验组、对照组和空白对照组。麻醉,逐层切开,暴露股骨外侧面,在股骨近心端之外缘、大转子下缘1 cm处,用直径4 mm球头精密研磨机制备深度约为1 mm的骨缺损。同样的方法处理对侧股骨。在实验组和对照组每只兔的左股骨缺损区填充皮质骨粒,右股骨缺损区填充松质骨小块,轻压填紧,尽量使材料与孔密合,分层缝合。空白组动物进行上述同样手术,不填充任何材料。上述各组动物分别于术后1、4、8和12周,行影像学(X线)及病理组织学检查。结果 术后1周,3组动物骨缺损修复情况无差别;术后4、8和12周时,实验组动物骨组织修复速度优于对照组,显著优于空白对照组。结论 该型同种异体骨能够刺激间充质细胞分化为成骨细胞,推进骨细胞的形成及骨痂成熟,是较为理想的骨移植材料。

Objective To explore the effect of new type of allograft bone in repairing bone defect.Method Male New Zealand rabbits were used to construct the animal model of bone injury,and 60 rabbits were randomly divided into experimental group,control group and blank control group.At the outer edge of proximal femur and 1 cm lower edge of greater trochanter,the bone defect with a depth of about 1 mm was prepared by precision grinding mechanism with a diameter of 4 mm ball head.Do the same for the contralateral femur.In the experimental group and control group,the left femoral defect was filled with cortical bone particles,and the right femoral defect was filled with cancellous bone fragments,and the material was filled with light pressure to make the material close to the hole as much as possible.Layered suture.Animals in the blank group underwent the same operation as described above without any material filling.Imaging(X-ray) and histopathological examination were performed at 1,4,8 and 12 weeks after operation.Result One week after operation,there was no difference in bone defect repair among the three groups.At 4 weeks,8 weeks and 12 weeks after operation,the bone tissue repair speed of the tested group was significantly better than that of the control group.Conclusion This type of allograft bone can stimulate the differentiation of mesenchymal cells into osteoblasts,promote the formation of osteocytes and the maturation of callus,and is an ideal bone graft material.