关键核心技术攻关新型举国体制治理政策演进的阶段性特征与启示

The Phased Characteristics and Enlightenment of the Evolution of the Governance Policy of the New National System of Key Core Technology Tackling

从纵向发展角度切入,对我国自改革开放至今各时期的关键核心技术攻关新型举国体制治理政策进行历史制度比较分析,深入剖析其演进特征及内在逻辑,并在此基础上探讨我国关键核心技术攻关新型举国体制治理政策应如何进行调整以应对新的国际形势与挑战。关键核心技术攻关新型举国体制治理政策经历了“传统政府主导的项目集体攻关机制政策变革与市场化改革企业内生动力机制萌发”“市场化改革企业内生动力机制与政府主导的项目集体攻关机制进化与完善”以及“市场化改革企业内生动力机制与政府主导的项目集体攻关机制的全面深化改革”三个阶段。同时,关键核心技术攻关新型举国体制存在的不足,还需从“发挥政府引导作用”“构建新型举国体制新机制”以及“推动形成良好生态”三个方面进一步推动完善。关键核心技术攻关新型举国体制的完善,一方面体现了集中力量办大事的社会主义制度优势,另一方面也凸显了企业作为关键核心技术攻关的核心主体地位和作用。

From the perspective of vertical development,this study conducts a historical and institutional comparative analysis of China’s key core technology innovation national system governance policies in various periods since the reform and opening up.It deeply analyzes its evolution characteristics and internal logic,and on this basis,it also discusses how China’s key core technology innovation new national system governance policies should be adjusted to meet the new international situation and challenges.The research summarizes that the governance policy of the national system for key core technology innovation experienced three stages:the policy reform of the traditional government led collective project tackling mechanism and the germination of the endogenous power mechanism of the market-oriented reform enterprise,the evolution and improvement of the endogenous power mechanism of the market-oriented reform enterprise and the government led collective project tackling mechanism,and the comprehensive deepening of the reform of the endogenous driving force mechanism of market-oriented reform enterprises and the collective research mechanism of government-led projects.At the same time,it points out the shortcomings of the national system of key core technology innovation,which needs to improve the new national system of key core technology innovation from three aspects:giving play to the role of government guidance,building a new national system and a new mechanism,and promoting the formation of a good ecology.The improvement of a new nationwide system for innovation in key core technology,on the one hand,reflects the advantages of the socialist system of concentrating resources to do great things,and on the other hand,it also highlights the position and role of enterprises as the core subject of innovation in key core technologies.