滇池流域花卉设施土壤氮磷淋失特征

Characteristics of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Leaching from Flower Facility Soils in the Dian Lake River Basin

为探求滇池流域设施土壤在灌溉过程中氮磷淋失的特征,以滇池南岸和东岸花卉设施土壤为研究对象,采用室内土柱淋溶模拟灌溉法,开展设施土壤氮磷淋失研究。研究结果表明,不同花卉设施土壤中的氮、磷随着灌溉次数的增加逐渐流失。花卉设施土壤氨氮随着灌溉次数的增加迅速流失,单位质量土壤氨氮平均淋失量为0.14~1.69 mg/kg;花卉设施土壤中的总氮淋失最高,淋出浓度最高可达649 mg/L,单位质量土壤总磷平均淋失量为5.6~21.8 mg/kg;花卉设施土壤总磷淋失随灌溉次数表现出下降和先上升后下降两种趋势,单位质量土壤总磷平均淋失量为0.11~0.32 mg/kg。

In order to explore the characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus leaching from facility soil during irrigation in the Dianchi Lake Basin,this study focuses on the southern and eastern banks of flower facility soil in Dianchi Lake.The indoor soil column leaching simulation irrigation method is used to conduct experimental research on nitrogen and phosphorus leaching from facility soil.Facility soil is the research object,and indoor soil column leaching simulation irrigation method is used to conduct nitrogen and phosphorus leaching experiments on facility soil.The research results indicate that the nitrogen and phosphorus produced by soil from different flower facilities gradually decrease with the increase of irrigation frequency.The soil ammonia nitrogen in flower facilities rapidly loses with the increase of irrigation frequency,and the average amount of ammonia nitrogen leaching per unit mass of soil ranges from 0.14 mg/kg to 1.69 mg/kg;The total nitrogen leaching in the soil of flower facilities is the highest,with a leaching concentration of up to 649 mg/L,and the average leaching amount of total phosphorus per unit mass of soil is within the range of 5.6 mg/kg to 21.8 mg/kg;The leaching loss of total phosphorus in soil of flower facilities shows two trends with irrigation frequency:decreasing,first increasing,and then decreasing.The average leaching amount of total phosphorus per unit mass of soil is between 0.11 mg/kg and 0.32 mg/kg.The research results provide a scientific basis for reducing soil nutrient loss and water pollution in the Dianchi Lake Basin.