新时代党的政治建设的历史镜鉴——基于中苏两国共产党历史经验与教训的分析

Historical Mirrors for the Party’s Political Construction in the New Era:Based on the Successful Experience of the CPC and the Failure Lessons of the Soviet Communist Party

中国共产党和苏联共产党同为具有全球重大影响力的马克思主义政党,二者的命运之所以截然不同,与其各自的政治建设密切相关。前者高度重视自身政治建设,取得许多成功经验,后者长期忽视自身政治建设,留下不少失败教训。认真汲取二者的历史经验与教训,对于新时代落实政治强党战略有重要意义:必须准确把握党的政治建设的地位和作用,丰富和拓展新时代党的政治建设理论体系;必须高度重视坚持和加强党的全面领导,有力保证党中央权威和集中统一领导;必须大力加强政治纪律和政治规矩建设,不断提升党的凝聚力、战斗力、领导力和号召力;必须紧紧扣住赢得民心民意这个最大的政治性工程来抓紧抓实抓牢党的政治建设,巩固党的执政基础;必须着力增强党内政治生活的“四性”,通过建章立制来端正和规范党内政治生活,净化优化党内政治生态;必须积极构建“三不腐”一体推进的体制机制,坚持“无禁区、全覆盖、零容忍”的政治原则和底线,有策略地进行惩治腐败实践活动;必须严格防范党内政治风险,决不能犯下战略性、颠覆性的错误;必须提高分析和解决问题的政治能力,持续增强政治判断力、政治领悟力、政治执行力。总之,保持和发展马克思主义政党的政治属性任重道远,任何时候都要把加强党的政治建设作为一个永恒的重大课题来抓实抓牢,做好坚决打赢攻坚战和持久战的思想准备与行动准备。

The Communist Party of China and the Communist Party of the Soviet Union are both Marxist parties with great global influence,and their fates are completely different,which is closely related to their respective political construction.The former attaches great importance to its own political construction and has obtained many successful experiences while the latter went in the opposite direction.To learn from the experiences and lessons of the two is of great significance for the implementation of the political strategy in the new era:we must accurately grasp the status and role of Party political construction to enrich and expand the theoretical system of the Party’s political construction in the new era;We must vigorously emphasize and strengthen the comprehensive leadership of the Party,guaranteeing the authoritative and unified leadership of the Party’s central committee;We must vigorously strengthen political discipline and political rules,and constantly enhance the Party’s cohesion,combat effectiveness,leadership and appeal;We must firmly grasp the political construction of the Party and consolidate the ruling foundation of the Party by focusing on winning public opinion as the biggest political project;We must strengthen the“four characteristics”of the political life within the Party,correct and standardize the political life within the party by establishing rules and systems,and purify and optimize the political ecology within the Party;We must actively build a system and mechanism to promote the“three non-corruptible”measures,adhere to the political principle and bottom line of“no forbidden areas,full coverage and zero tolerance”,and strategically carry out the practice of punishing corruption;We must strictly guard against political risks within the Party,never making strategic or subversive mistakes;We must improve our political ability to analyze and solve problems,and continue to enhance our political judgment,political understanding,and political executive ability.To sum up,it is no easy task to maintain and develop the political character of a Marxist political party.At all times,we must take strengthening the political construction of the Party as a major and eternal task,and be prepared in thought and action to fight a tough and protracted war.