乡村治理视阈下村干部队伍建设的潜在风险与治理对策

Research on the Hidden Risks of Village Cadre Team Construction from the Perspective of Rural Governance and Counter Measures

村干部作为农村经济社会建设的组织领导者、参与者和带头人,其队伍建设直接关系到村民自治制度的运行和农村治理成效。村干部道德意识、个体素质、治理能力与知识储备等对于防范化解治理风险、改善乡村社会治理质量、提升村级政策执行效果、促进乡村经济发展具有显著影响。以Q县村干部队伍建设情况为例,研究发现在当前不断加强基层治理的背景下,村干部队伍存在行为决策中的机会主义、队伍构成中的过度年轻化、队伍素质能力不足和治理过程中“村”“民”纽带淡化等潜在风险。为有效防范化解村干部队伍建设风险,应从强化村级财政预算硬性约束、完善村干部离任审计制度、采取青老结合推进村干部队伍更新、坚持“内培外引”密切“村“”民”联系等方面入手,以村干部业绩考核为引领破除村干部群体思维局限,保障新时代村干部队伍建设与乡村治理现代化要求契合,助推乡村振兴战略与乡村治理有效实现。

As the organizational leaders,participants and leaders of rural economic and social construction,the construction of village cadre team is directly related to the operation of the villagers’self-government system and the effectiveness of rural governance.The moral awareness,individual quality,governance ability and knowledge reserve of village cadres have a significant impact on preventing and resolving governance risks,improving the quality of rural social governance,improving the implementation effect of village-level policies,and promoting rural economic development.Take as an example of Q County,in the context of continuously strengthening grassroots governance,some rural cadres have risks such as opportunistic moral hazard in behavioral decision-making,excessive“youthfulness”in the composition of the team,limited quality of the village cadre team,and dilution of the“village”and“people”ties in the governance process.To effectively prevent and resolve the risks in village cadre team construction,measures must be taken to strengthen the rigid constraints of the village-level financial budget,improve the audit system for village cadres leaving office,promote the renewal of the village cadre team by adopting the“combination of young and old”,adhere to the method of“internal training and external introduction”to expand the talent reserve pool and other ways to resolve the risks,and use the performance appraisal of village cadres as the guide to break through the limitations of the group thinking of village cadres to ensure that the construction of village cadres in the new era is in line with the requirements of rural governance modernization,and promote the effective realization of rural revitalization strategy and rural governance.