豪华客滚船全频段舱室噪声预报及降噪设计

Full-band cabin noise prediction and noise reduction design for luxury ro-ro passenger ships

豪华客滚船对于整体性能和舒适性要求较高,但由于船体结构复杂、舱室数量众多、多重噪声激励下,存在噪声预报准确性不足,降噪设计难度大的问题。本文提出一种基于统计能量法(SEA)、有限元-统计能量法(FE-SEA),有限元法(EFEA)的豪华客滚船全频段噪声预报方法,并结合贡献量分析开展舱室降噪设计。首先,基于统计能量法建立高频声振耦合模型,计算各板子系统模态密度,进行频段划分,进而建立有限元-统计能量分析模型和有限元模型;其次,通过设置损耗因子、耦合损耗因子,确定螺旋桨振动噪声,主机和电机辐射噪声、振动噪声及空调通风噪声等主要噪声源,进行全频段声学分析。最后,根据《船上噪声等级规则》MSC.337(91)噪声标准规范,提出相应降噪方案,并进行贡献量分析。结果表明,该研究成功对船舶舱室进行全频段声学预测,经降噪处理后,舱室噪声值满足规范值要求。

Luxury ro-ro passenger ships have high requirements for overall performance and comfort,but due to the complex hull structure,numerous cabins and multiple noise excitations,there are problems of insufficient noise prediction accuracy and difficulty in noise reduction design.In this paper,we propose a full-band noise prediction method for luxury ro-ro passenger ships based on statistical energy approach(SEA),finite element-statistical energy approach(FE-SEA),finite element approach(EFEA),and carry out cabin noise reduction design combined with contribution amount analysis.Firstly,the high frequency acoustic vibration coupling model is established based on the statistical energy method,the modal density of each plate subsystem is calculated,and the frequency band is divided;then the finite element-statistical energy analysis model and the finite element model are established.Secondly,by setting the loss factor and coupling loss factor,the main noise sources such as propeller vibration noise,host and motor radiation noise,vibration noise and air conditioning ventilation noise are identified and full-band acoustic analysis is carried out.Finally,according to the noise standard specification of MSC.337(91)Noise Class Rules on board,the corresponding noise reduction scheme is proposed and the contribution amount analysis is carried out.The results show that the study successfully predicts the full-band acoustics of ship cabins,and the cabin noise values meet the requirements of the specification values after the noise reduction treatment.