中国特色学徒制企业主体责任的实现路径研究

Research on the Implementation Path of the Enterprises Principal Responsibility of the Apprenticeship System with Chinese Characteristics

《中华人民共和国职业教育法》规定“国家推进中国特色学徒制”,并清晰指出中国特色学徒制的实施主体是企业。前期,在推进现代学徒制和企业新型学徒制的过程中,企业也是重要的参与或实施主体;但实践表明,企业并未完全担当起主体责任。研究发现,大型国有企业或中央企业在推进学徒制过程中未发挥主体作用,根本原因是在现有学徒制模式下,相关部门未能真正调动其积极性。推进中国特色学徒制深入开展,须构建“有关部门负责顶层设计、国资部门进行行业统筹、人社教育等部门提供专业支撑、国有企业担当关键主体”的多元治理格局,依此路径,推进中国特色学徒制企业主体责任将真正得到落实。

The Vocational Education Law of the People s Republic of China stipulates that“the state promotes the apprenticeship system with Chinese characteristics”and clearly points out that the implementation subject of the apprenticeship system with Chinese characteristics is enterprises.In the early stage,in the process of promoting modern apprenticeship and new apprenticeship systems,enterprises are also important participants or implementation subject.However,practice has shown that enterprises have not taken on their principal responsibility.Research has found that large state-owned enterprises or central enterprises have not played a leading role in promoting apprenticeship,and the fundamental reason is that under the existing apprenticeship model,relevant departments have not truly mobilized their enthusiasm.To promote the development of the apprenticeship system with Chinese characteristics in deep,it is necessary to establish a diversified governance structure,where relevant departments are responsible for top-level design,state-owned asset departments coordinate the industries,human resources and social education departments provide professional support,and state-owned enterprises play a key role.Following this path to promote the apprenticeship system with Chinese characteristics,the enterprises principal responsibility will be truly implemented.