蒙古栎叶片功能性状变化特征及影响因素

Functional Trait Variation Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Quercus mongolica Leaf

为明确不同物候期叶片功能性状,揭示叶片在生长发育过程中资源分配及生态适应策略,以黑龙江小北湖自然保护区的蒙古栎(Quercus mongolica)为研究对象,分析在不同物候期其叶片功能性状特征及各功能性状与气候因子的关系。结果表明:蒙古栎叶片功能性状在不同物候期间均存在显著差异(P<0.05)。展叶期,叶片含水率、比叶面积、总酚质量分数、过氧化氢酶活性达到最大值;花期,叶绿素质量分数、类胡萝卜素质量分数、淀粉质量分数、过氧化物酶活性最高;果期,叶干质量、叶厚达到最大值;变色期,可溶性糖质量分数、总黄酮质量分数、超氧化物歧化酶活性最高。蒙古栎叶片不同功能性状间存在显著相关性。比叶面积与可溶性糖质量分数呈显著负相关,与淀粉质量分数呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。总酚质量分数与叶片含水率呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)。可溶性糖质量分数与淀粉质量分数呈极显著负相关(P<0.01)。总黄酮质量分数与叶绿素、类胡萝卜素质量分数呈极显著性负相关,相关系数分别为-0.946、-0.830;与可溶性糖质量分数呈极显著正相关,相关系数为0.816(P<0.01)。过氧化氢酶活性与叶片含水率、总酚质量分数呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)。月累计降水量对叶片功能性状的影响最大,贡献率为52.1%,其次为月平均温度及月累计日照时间,贡献率分别为21.8%及21.0%。蒙古栎叶片各功能性状间存在相互作用,且其顺应自身发育并受外部环境变化影响。

To clarify the functional traits of leaves during different phenological periods and reveal the resource allocation and ecological adaptation strategies of leaves during growth and development,the Quercus mongolica in the Xiaobei Lake Nature Reserve in Heilongjiang Province was selected as the research object.The functional traits of leaves and their relationships with climatic factors were analyzed during different phenological periods.The results showed that there were significant differences in the functional traits of Q.mongolica leaves during different phenological periods(P<0.05).During the leaf expansion stage,leaf moisture percentage,specific leaf area,total phenolic content,and catalase activity reached their maximum values.During the flowering stage,chlorophyll content,carotenoid content,starch content,and peroxidase activity were highest.During the fruiting stage,leaf dry mass and leaf thickness reached their maximum values.During the color-changing stage,soluble sugar content,total flavonoid content,and superoxide dismutase activity were highest.There were significant correlations among different functional traits of Q.mongolica leaves.Specific leaf area was significantly negatively correlated with soluble sugar content and significantly positively correlated with starch content(P<0.05).Total phenolic content was highly positively correlated with leaf moisture percentage(P<0.01).Soluble sugar content was highly negatively correlated with starch content(P<0.01).Total flavonoid content was highly negatively correlated with chlorophyll and carotenoid content,with correlation coefficients of-0.946 and-0.830,respectively,and highly positively correlated with soluble sugar content,with a correlation coefficient of 0.816(P<0.01).Catalase activity was highly positively correlated with leaf moisture percentage and total phenolic content(P<0.01).Monthly cumulative precipitation had the greatest impact on the functional traits of leaves,with a contribution rate of 52.1%,followed by monthly average temperature and monthly cumulative sunshine duration,with contribution rates of 21.8% and 21.0%,respectively.There were interactions among the various functional traits of Q.mongolica leaves,and they responded to their own development and were influenced by external environmental changes.