蜚蠊提取物脂质体的制备、表征及其抗溃疡性结肠炎的疗效

Preparation,Characterization,and Anti-Ulcerative Colitis Efficacy of Cockroach Extract Liposomes

目的探索制备蜚蠊提取物长效脂质体的最佳工艺,并评价其对溃疡性结肠炎(UC)模型小鼠的治疗效果。方法采用薄膜分散法制备蜚蠊提取物长效脂质体(CE-Lip),正交实验优化CE-Lip的处方及冻干工艺,进行形态学表征并评价其体外释放速率,并通过UC小鼠模型进行药效学评价。结果最佳制备工艺为胆固醇-磷脂质量比1∶5,提取物-磷脂质量比1∶4,水化时间0.75 h,水化体积3 mL,水化温度30℃;最佳冻干工艺为采用5%甘露醇、10%海藻糖作为混合冻干保护剂;所制得的CE-Lip平均粒径为(276.7±5.6)nm,呈囊泡状结构,冻干后稳定性良好,在体外释放速率显著低于原料药。药效学结果显示CE-Lip可以显著降低UC小鼠的DAI评分、结肠长度、CMDI评分、TNF-α表达量、HS评分,显著升高EGF表达量、杯状细胞中的黏液素表达量。结论获得简便、稳定、重现性良好的CE-Lip制备工艺。制得的CE-Lip,大小分散均匀,稳定性好,具有缓释的效果,相比于普通制剂,CE-Lip显著提高了CE对UC小鼠的治疗作用,为CE-Lip的进一步开发研究奠定了基础。

OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the optimal process for preparing long-acting liposomes loaded with cockroach extract(CE-Lip)and to evaluate their therapeutic efficacy against ulcerative colitis(UC).METHODS The CE-Lip was prepared using a thin film dispersion method.Orthogonal experiments were conducted to optimize the formulation and freeze-drying process of CE-Lip.Morphological characterization and in vitro release rate assessment were performed.The therapeutic efficacy of CE-Lip was evaluated using a mouse model of UC.RESULTS The optimal preparation process involved a cholesterol-phospholipid mass ratio of 1∶5,an extract-phospholipid mass ratio of 1∶4,hydration time of 0.75 h,hydration volume of 3 mL,and hydration temperature of 30℃.The optimal freeze-drying process utilized a mixture of 5%mannitol and 10%trehalose as protective agents.The resulting CE-Lip exhibited an average particle size of(276.7±5.6)nm,with a vesicular structure.The stability of CE-Lip after freeze-drying was excellent,and its in vitro release rate was significantly lower than that of the raw material.Pharmacological results demonstrated that CE-Lip significantly reduced DAI scores,colon length,CMDI scores,TNF-αexpression,and HS scores in UC mice,while increasing EGF expression and mucin expression in goblet cells.CONCLUSION A simple,stable,and reproducible process for preparing CE-Lip is established.The resulting CE-Lip exhibits uniform size distribution,good stability,and sustained release effects.Compared to conventional formulations,CE-Lip significantly enhanced the therapeutic effect of CE against UC in mice.This study provides a foundation for further development and research of CE-Lip.