经典名方中金银花的本草考证

Herbal Textual Research of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos in Famous Classical Prescriptions

金银花一名始载于南宋本草著作《履巉岩本草》,宋以后,金银花一名逐渐被后世延用,成为药材正名。古代金银花的品种来源复杂,自2005版《中国药典》记载忍冬Lonicera.japonica Thunb.为金银花的唯一来源。药用部位为花蕾或带初开的花,多用生品,炮制辅料以酒为主,山东、河南为道地产区,在头茬采收的花蕾品质更佳。基于当前考证结果,结合近现代的研究结果及资源栽培情况,《古代经典名方目录(第一批)》所载3首含金银花的经典名方(即四妙勇安汤、五味消毒饮和托里消毒散)的应用和开发建议使用忍冬L.japonica Thunb.为基原,山东、河南等道地产区的生品,且优选头茬采收的二白至大白期的花蕾入药。并基于以上3首经典名方的临床应用文献和文献计量学方法分析得到方剂中金银花的常用剂量和平均剂量,可作为经典名方开发时金银花的参考用量。

The name"Lonicerae Japonicae Flos"was first published in Materia Medica from Steep Mountainsides of the Southern Song Dynasty.After the Song Dynasty,the name was gradually used by later generations and became the proper name of medicinal materials.The origin of the varieties of LJF is complicated in ancient times.Since the 2005 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia has stipulated that L.japonica Thunb.is the only source of LJF,and medicinal parts are buds or flowers with initial bloom.It is mostly used for raw products,and the processing accessories are mainly wine.Shandong and Henan are the genuine producing area,and the quality of flower buds harvested at the first crop is better.Based on current research results combined with modern research results and resource cultivation situation,the application and development of the classic prescriptions containing LJF(Simiao Yong’an Soup,Wuwei Disinfectant Drink and Tuoli Disinfection San)in the Catalogue of Ancient Classic Recipes(The First Batch)is suggested to use raw materials from Shandong,Henan,and other genuine producing areas with L.japonica Thunb.being the origin,and the buds harvested from the first crop during the second white to big white period were preferred for medicinal use.Based on the clinical application literature of famous classical prescriptions and bibliometric methods,the common dosage and average dosage of LJF in the three prescriptions were obtained,which could be used as the reference dosage of LJF in the development and utilization of famous classical prescriptions.