朱熹哲学的义利观

Zhu Xi’s Philosophical View of Righteousness and Profit

“义利之辩”是朱熹关注经验世界道德价值准则的重要切入点。“义”与“利”并非互相矛盾的存在,在超越视角下的“义利”是“一体不二”的存在;在限定立场下的“义利”则需要分判好坏。但是浙江地区流行的“义理与利害只是一事”的看法让朱熹担忧“义”会在世人追逐“利”的过程中被忽视,故而他的义利观倾向于“以醇儒自律”,即以求仁义为理论基点。因此,朱熹的义利观在不同视域下所展现出的理论形式并不相同,这正是他为解决经验世界中复杂的“义利之辩”问题所作出的努力。

The debate between righteousness and profit is an important starting point for Zhu Xi to pay attention to the moral values of the empirical world.In his opinion,“righteousness”and“profit”are not contradictory existence.The concept of“righteousness and profit”from a transcendent perspective is a unity.In limiting positions,it is necessary to distinguish.However,the popular view in the central region of Zhejiang Province that“righteousness and profit are only one thing”has led Zhu Xi to worry that“righteousness”may be overlooked when people chase“profit”.So Zhu Xi tends to“confucian self-discipline”,that is,to seek benevolence and righteousness as the theoretical basis.Therefore,Zhu Xi’s view of righteousness and profit shows different theoretical forms in various perspectives,which is precisely the effort he has made to solve the complex problem of the debate between righteousness and profit in the empirical world.