中间品进口对碳排放效率的影响研究

Research on the impact of intermediate product imports on carbon emission efficiency

为破解环境资源约束存在的突出性问题,如何提升中间品生产质量以更早实现“双碳目标”成为实现经济高质量发展、推动经济结构转型的重要节点。基于2000—2014年WIOD投入产出数据,以中间品进口依赖的核算为切入点,在高维固定效应检验、内生性检验和稳健性检验等检验下细致地分析了中间品进口对碳排放效率的作用机制与渠道。研究发现:中间品进口可以显著促进碳排放效率的提升;研发和经济增长对中间品进口与碳排放效率间的关系具有传导作用,提高研发质量、全面促进消费升级和推动经济稳步增长可以使中间品进口更好地发挥碳排放效率的提升效用;中间品进口对发达国家碳排放效率的边际促进作用可能大于发展中国家,对制造业的碳排放效率边际促进作用可能大于服务业。研究表明:进口中间品可以成为实现“双碳”目标的重要支撑点,可以适当鼓励制造业使用进口国外中间品,以加强与国外企业的合作与交流,更快地实现“双碳”目标,共同推进绿色转型。

To tackle the persistent challenges posed by environmental resource limitations,enhancing the quality of intermediate product manufacturing stands pivotal in expediting the attainment of the“carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals”.This pursuit not only fosters high-quality economic advancement but also fuels the transformation of economic frameworks.Leveraging the WIOD input-output data spanning 2000 to 2014,and commencing with an assessment of reliance on intermediate product imports,we meticulously scrutinized the carbon emission efficiency associated with these imports.Our analysis encompassed rigorous tests for high-dimensional fixed effects,endogeneity,and robustness,unveiling the mechanisms and avenues of influence.Our findings underscore a significant correlation:intermediate product imports markedly bolster carbon emission efficiency.Moreover,both R&D initiatives and economic growth amplify this relationship.Enhancing the caliber of R&D endeavors,facilitating comprehensive consumption upgrades,and sustaining stable economic growth collectively enable intermediate product imports to enhance carbon emission efficiency more effectively.Notably,intermediate product imports might wield a more pronounced incremental impact on carbon emission efficiency within developed nations compared to developing ones.Additionally,its influence on the carbon efficiency of the manufacturing sector might surpass its impact on the service industry.The research illuminates the pivotal role imported intermediates can assume in the realization of the“carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals”.Encouraging the manufacturing sector s judicious utilization of imported intermediates can foster collaborations and exchanges with foreign entities,expedite the attainment of the“carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals”,and collectively drive a green transformation.