羽毛球运动疲劳对膝关节屈伸肌肌力的影响

Effects of Badminton Fatigue on Muscle Strength and Surface Electromyography of Knee Flexor and Extensor

目的:通过测试羽毛球运动疲劳后膝关节屈伸肌肌力的变化,探讨其疲劳对膝关节屈伸肌的影响,为提高羽毛球运动表现和预防运动损伤提供科学依据。方法:10名男性羽毛球专选学生进行羽毛球专项步法诱导其疲劳,收集疲劳前后膝关节屈伸肌的峰值力矩、屈伸肌比值、异侧同名肌比值(非优势侧/优势侧)进行统计分析。结果:疲劳前后60°/S时优势侧伸肌PT下降(P<0.01);240°/S时优势侧伸肌PT下降(P<0.05);疲劳前后的H/Q都高于正常范围。结论:羽毛球运动疲劳后膝关节优势侧伸肌肌力大幅下降,屈伸肌比值超出安全范围,这可能增加膝关节及相关肌群的受伤风险。建议:在训练中应当提高优势侧膝关节伸肌的耐力,减缓膝关节伸肌力量的下降速度,同时还要提高屈肌的最大力量,以防开始运动时因优势侧膝关节伸肌力量过大导致的屈肌损伤。

Objective:To explore the effect of fatigue on knee flexor and extensor muscle by testing the changes of muscle electricity and muscle strength of knee flexor and extensor muscle after badminton fatigue,so as to provide scientific basis for improving badminton performance and preventing sports injury.Methods:10 male badminton students were selected to induce their fatigue by badminton special footwork.The peak torque,flexor extensor ratio,ipsilateral homonymous muscle ratio(non dominant side/dominant side),integral EMG value and average power frequency of knee flexor extensor before and after fatigue were collected and statistically analyzed.Results:the PT of dominant extensor decreased at 60°/s before and after fatigue(P<0.01);Pt of dominant extensor decreased at 240°/S(P<0.05);The H/Q before and after fatigue is higher than the normal range.IEMG decreased in different muscle groups after knee fatigue.At 240°/s,the MPF of the lateral and medial quadriceps femoris,lateral biceps femoris,lateral quadriceps femoris and rectus femoris on the dominant side of the knee increased(P<0.05).Conclusion:After badminton fatigue,the muscle strength of the dominant extensor of the knee joint decreases significantly,and the ratio of flexor to extensor is unbalanced,which may increase the injury risk of the knee joint and related muscle groups.Suggestion:in training,we should improve the endurance of the dominant knee extensor,slow down the decline of the strength of the knee extensor,and improve the maximum strength of the flexor,so as to prevent the flexor injury caused by the excessive strength of the dominant knee extensor at the beginning of exercise.