云贵高原区青贮玉米不同播种方式的饲草产量和效益

Study on the Biomass and Benefit of Silage Corn with Different Sowing Patterns in Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau

以大田生产试验数据为依据,分析了不同播种方案对青贮玉米单株生长、饲草产量和经济效益的影响。研究结果表明:云贵高原区青贮玉米生产时,采用农机穴播,播种量45kg/hm^(2),种植密度8~9万株/hm^(2)时,饲草产量和效益最高。与籽实玉米生产相比,青贮玉米不仅有更高的经济效益,而且在抵制自然灾害导致的减产风险方面也具有一定优势。但青贮玉米生产在收贮、运输及利用等方面与籽实玉米生产相比存在一定局限性。云贵高原区玉米改籽实为青贮原料生产时,其规模应与当地养牛、养羊业的发展规模相适应。

To determine the effects of sowing methods on the growth,biomass and economic benefit of silage corn,field experiments were conducted in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau.The results showed that:Sowing regime with bunched planting by machinery,in whichseeding rate and the planting density of cormn silage were 45kg/hm^(2),8×104~9×104 plants/hm^(2),respectively,showed the highest yield and benefits.Moreover,compared withkernel corn production,silage corn showed higher economic benefits and took advantages in resisting the reduction caused by natural disasters;in contrast,there were limitations on storage,transportation and utilization.Therefore,silage corn transferred fromkernel corn production should be compatible with the developing scale of the local cattle and sheep in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau.