毕节大屯土司庄园建筑木构技术与秩序建构

Wooden Structure Technology and Order Construction of the Tusi Manor in Bijie Datun

贵州毕节大屯土司庄园是彝族土司重要建筑遗存,反映了古代彝族建筑最高水平。以大屯土司庄园为主要研究对象,从建筑的营造尺复原与构造做法等方面对其木构技术进行分析。发现了中路建筑的营造用尺为清官尺32厘米的情况,进而分析了建筑尺度构成;通过比较构架的异同,归纳了其构成模式,建构了土司建筑的等级秩序。研究进一步揭示了彝族高等级建筑技术特征,以及土司建筑内涵的设计逻辑。

The Datun Tusi Manor in Bijie,Guizhou is an important architectural relic of the Yi Tusi,reflecting the highest level of ancient Yi architecture.Taking Datun Tusi Manor as the main research object,we analyzed its wooden structure technology from the aspects of building restoration and construction methods.And we discovered the situation where the construction scale of the Middle Road building was 32 centimeters from a clean official's scale,and then analyzed the scale composition of the building.By comparing the similarities and differences of the architecture,the composition patterns were summarized,and the hierarchical order of Tusi architecture was constructed.The study further revealed the technical characteristics of high-level Yi architecture and the design logic of the connotation of Tusi architecture.