喀斯特地貌城市物质文化遗产的时空演化特征——基于安顺市文物保护单位分析

The Spatio-temporal Evolution Characteristics of Urban Material Cultural Heritage in Karst Landform Areas:Analysis of Cultural Relics Protection Units in Anshun City

喀斯特地貌的地理环境约束,使得城镇空间选择与区域体系发展都相对局促,而文物保护单位作为记录区域重要自然进程与人类社会活动的历史切片与时空物证,隐含着城镇及其关联体系的发展脉络和空间功能特性的关键信息。研究选取典型喀斯特地区安顺市域范围,以其文物保护单位为研究对象,基于其以明清时期为主、古建筑类型居多、集中分布于滇黔古道沿线的一般特征,从时间和空间两个维度运用核密度、最邻近指数、标准差椭圆等空间分析法,探究安顺物质文化遗产在不同历史阶段的空间分异和格局演化,揭示不同历史时期的重心变迁和方向性强弱变化。在此基础上,探究其中隐含的地域文明进程、城市空间演进规律、重大历史事件与城市环境文化建设的时代共生和历史呼应现象,为合理保护物质文化遗产以及在城市文明建设中协调、利用其文保价值提供启示。

The geographical environment constraints of Karst landforms make urban spatial selection and regional system development relatively limited.As historical slices and spatio-temporal evidence that record important natural processes and human social activities in the region,cultural relics protection units contain key information about the development context and spatial functional characteristics of towns and their associated systems.In this paper we select Anshun city,a typical Karst landform area,as the research scope,and its cultural relics protection units as the research objects.Using spatial analysis methods such as kernel density,nearest neighbor index,and standard deviation ellipse from two dimensions of time and space,we explore the spatial differentiation and pattern evolution of Anshun's material cultural heritage in different historical stages,and reveal the changes in the center of gravity and directional strength of the distribution of material cultural heritage in different historical periods.At the same time,we analyze the hidden regional civilization process,urban spatial evolution laws,major historical events,and the phenomenon of historical symbiosis and resonance in urban environmental construction,so as to provide inspiration for the reasonable protection of material cultural heritage and the coordination and utilization of its cultural heritage value in urban civilization construction.