网络服务活动中同意功能的二元区分

Binary Differentiation of Consent Function in Network Service Activities

网络服务活动中,缔约同意与信息处理同意系意思自治在不同领域的表现形式,二者功能的实质合一应予否认。缔约同意作为合同领域内意思自治的表现形式,系属意思表示;信息处理同意作为个人信息领域内意思自治的特殊表现形式,根源于宪法基本权利对个人人格发展的维护,并非意思表示,而仅作为合法性基础形式要件,阻却个人信息处理行为的违法性。同意功能的二元区分以网络服务活动为特定前提,以实质区分为必然要求,以形式合一为部分例外。该区分既为判断信息处理行为的合法性提供了“有效告知+明确同意”的客观标准,又明确了实践中同意的具体应用方式,从而为数据要素提供稳定、合法的流动渠道。

In network service activities,contracting consent and information processing consent are the forms of voluntary autonomy in different fields,and the substantive unity of their functions should be denied.The contracting agreement,as the expression form of autonomy of will in the contract area,is the expression of intent;the information processing consent,as a special form of expression of autonomy of will in the field of personal information,is rooted in the maintenance of the basic rights of the Constitution to the development of individual personality,and is not an expression of intent,but only a form of legitimacy basis to prevent the illegality of personal information processing.The binary distinction of consent function is based on the specific premise of network service activities,the necessary requirement of substantive distinction,and the partial exception of formal unity.This distinction not only provides an objective standard of"effective notification+explicit consent"for judging the legality of information processing behavior,but also clarifies the specific application of consent in practice,thus providing a stable and legal flow channel for data elements.