宫观官制度与南宋前中期信州文人群体

Palace Official System and Xinzhou Literati Group in the Early and Middle Period of Southern Song Dynasty

宫观官制度对宋代士人产生了重要影响,为他们的退居生活提供了基本保障,促进了地域文学的繁荣。南渡初期,吕本中与曾几先后领任宫观官寓居上饶,在他们的吸引下,信州一带的文人士大夫时常聚饮酬唱,形成了颇为闻名的地域文人群体。南宋中期,赵蕃监南岳庙闲居玉山30余年,接续吕、曾倡导的文化精神和文学传统,与当地耆旧诗人往来频繁,成为信州文人群体的核心人物之一。与此同时,辛弃疾因罢官而主管冲佑观赋闲带湖和瓢泉长达20年,其信州诗词透露出闲逸自适与愤懑不平交织的心态,塑造了人生最后阶段的双重自我形象:赋闲归耕的“稼轩居士”和壮志未酬的爱国文士。

The palace official system had an important influence on the scholars of Song Dynasty,provided the basic guarantee for their retirement life,and promoted the prosperity of regional literature.In the early days of Nantu,Lv Benzhong and Zeng Ji successively led the palace officials to live in Shangrao,and under their attraction,the literati in Xinzhou area often gathered to drink and sing,forming a quite famous regional literati group.In the middle of the Southern Song Dynasty,Zhao Fan stayed in Yushan for more than 30 years,continued to promote the cultural spirit and literary tradition advocated by Lv and Zeng,and kept contacts with local old poets,becoming one of the core figures of Xinzhou literati group.At the same time,Xin Qiji was in charge of the Chongyou Temple's Idleness Lake and Piao Spring for 20 years because of his dismissal from office.His Xinzhou poems revealed the interwoven mentality of idleness and resentment,and shaped the double self-image of the last stage of his life:the"peasant peasant"who returned to the farm and the patriotic scholar with unfulfilled ambition.