论谢灵运诗歌中的易学思维

Yiology in Xie Lingyun’s Poetry

为考察易学思维如何影响谢灵运诗歌创作,以谢灵运诗歌为研究对象进行文本挖掘,运用数据统计、演绎、归纳和文史互证等方法探究其中的易学思维。研究结果表明:谢灵运诗歌创作借鉴了《周易》取象、整体和变易三种思维方式。在取象思维方面,表现为频繁选取自然之象、《易》象和典象;在整体思维方面,表现为完整叙写空间“三才”、时间因果和对立景物;在变易思维方面,表现为敏锐捕捉天象四时之变、世俗人事之变和主观情感之变。易学思维影响谢诗的构思逻辑与创作机制,使谢诗呈现独特的艺术特色。后世评价谢诗“富艳”“巧绮”“妥帖周密”“变之善”“才之高”,正是易学思维影响其诗歌创作的结果。

In order to investigate the influences of the thinking of Yiology on Xie Lingyun’s poetry,this paper took Xie’s poetry as the research object to explore the influences by means of data statistics,deduction,induction and mutual proof of literature and history.After the summary analysis,it concluded that Xie’s poetic creation drew on three thinking modes in Zhouyi.In the aspect of image thinking,it was manifested by frequent selection of natural images,Yi images and classical images.In the aspect of overall thinking,it was manifested as the complete narration of space“three talents”,time cause and effect,and opposite scenery.In the aspect of changing thinking,it was manifested by keenly catching the changes of nature,the changes of the social sphere,and the changes of emotions.The integration of the thinking of Yiology into the creation not only made the poetry look colorful and intimate,but also created a world that was self-sufficient and did not need to be treated by him,moreover,showed the predicament of the world which was impermanent and difficult.The thinking influenced the conceptual logic and creative mechanism of Xie’s poems,making the poems form unique artistic characteristics.Later generations evaluated Xie’s poems as“colorful”,“skillful”,“appropriate and thorough”,“good in changing”and“high in talent”,which was the result of the influences of the thinking of Yiology on his poetry creation.