明清之际文化转型中的经世实学——兼谈《虚实之辨:颜元的问题意识及其哲学展开》一书的新探索

The Practical Learning of Governance in Cultural Transformation during the Ming and Qing Dynasties:A New Exploration of“Differentiating between the Real and the Unreal:Yan Yuan’s Problem Awareness and His Philosophy Development”

17世纪中叶,亦即通常所说的明清之际,中国思想文化史上出现了顾炎武、黄宗羲、王夫之、方以智、李颙、傅山、颜元等一大批极富批判个性的思想家。他们对中国古代后期封建宗法社会君权政治及其思想意识形态进行了总体性的批判与重构,开启了封建文化内部的自我批判与时代转型。颜元实学思想是这一时期思想文化史上的一枝奇葩。

During the mid-17th century,commonly referred to as the Ming-Qing Dynasties period,Chinese intellectual and cultural history witnessed the emergence of a group of highly critical thinkers,such as Gu Yanwu,Huang Zongxi,Wang Fuzhi,Fang Yizhi,Li Yong,Fu Shan,and Yan Yuan.They conducted a comprehensive critique and reconstruction of the feudal,patrilineal,and authoritarian political system and its corresponding ideological framework in late imperial China.This marked the beginning of self-criticism and societal transformation within feudal culture.Among these thinkers,Yan Yuan’s practical learning philosophy stood out as a unique and remarkable branch of thought during this period.