深圳不同收入家庭居住地选择特征及影响因素

Analysis on Residence Choice Characteristics Among Households with Different Incomes in Shenzhen and Influencing Factors

居住地选择分析是职住空间关系研究的重要内容,有助于深刻理解职住演化的机理。基于深圳2020年居民出行调查数据,采用Moran’s I检验方法对街道尺度不同收入家庭占比的空间相关性进行评估,采用多项Logit模型检验了交通小区尺度城市建成环境对高收入、中低收入家庭居住地选择的影响。结果表明:高收入、中低收入家庭居住地选择在空间上整体呈圈层分布,中收入家庭在全市分布较均衡;商品住房用地与教育用地的高密度建设有利于吸引更多高收入家庭入住,城中村、工业建筑密度较高地区,中低收入家庭选择居住的概率更高;主干路及以上等级道路网密度的增加吸引更多高收入家庭居住;土地利用混合程度提高降低高收入家庭选择概率。

The analysis of residence choice is an important part of the study of job-housing spatial relationship,which helps to deeply understand the mechanism of job-housing spatial evolution.Based on the Shenzhen 2020 residents'travel survey data,the Moran's I test method was used to evaluate the spatial correlation of different income families at street scale.Multiple Logit models were used to test the impact of urban built environment at traffic zone scale on residence choice for high-and low-income families.The results show that residence choice of high-income and low-to-middle income families is generally distributed in a circular pattern in space,while the distribution of middle-income families in the city is relatively balanced;The highdensity construction of commercial housing land and education land is conducive to attracting more highincome families to move in.In urban villages and areas with high density of industrial buildings,low-tomiddle income families have a higher probability of residence choice.The increase in the density of the road network of trunk roads and above attracts more high-income families to live.The improvement of land use mix reduces the residence choice probability of high-income families.