美国高校生涯服务体系浅析及对我国高校的启示

Overview of U.S.Career Services and Its Implication on Career Service System Design

美国生涯服务已有超过百年发展历史,随着社会变革、科技发展和代际人口特征的改变、以及生涯理论的发展,美国高校生涯服务经历了不同范式,但其服务学生以及承担大学与就业市场之间桥梁作用的核心目标并未改变。了解生涯服务办公室的组织定位及内部结构以及其未来发展趋势有助于理解美国高校生涯服务部门的发展战略和服务设计的底层逻辑。美国生涯服务的成就与困境对思考生涯服务在我国高等教育体系中的定位及顶层设计具有深刻启示意义。

U.S.career services have a history of over a hundred years.Along with societal movement,technology development,generational differences,and the evolution of career development theories,U.S.career services in higher education experience various paradigms.However,they maintained their core mission to prioritize student service and function as a bridge between the university and the job market.Getting familiar with the organizational structure of career services facilitates understanding of their strategic goals and service design.We can draw critical implications to rethink the high-level design of career service from U.S.career services'achievements and challenges.