农业生产托管的增产效应研究——基于湖北省水稻种植户的调查数据

Yield-increasing Effect of Agricultural Production Trusteeship:Taking Rice Farmers in Hubei Province as an Example

农业生产托管是保障粮食安全、推进乡村产业振兴和中国特色农业现代化发展的有力手段。本文利用湖北省水稻主产区1565份农户的调查数据,根据索洛增长核算理论,构建了“农业生产托管—要素投入—水稻单产”和“农业生产托管—全要素生产率—水稻单产”双渠道分析框架,并运用2SLS模型进行了实证检验,系统论证了农业生产托管的增产效应,并进一步探讨了其作用机制和影响程度。研究发现,农业生产托管能够显著提升水稻单产,并且在收割环节的增产效应最为显著。农业生产托管的增产效应主要通过投入要素和全要素生产率两个渠道实现。农业生产托管可以通过增加土地、劳动力等要素投入和提高全要素生产率两个渠道提升水稻单产。对比两条渠道,全要素生产率渠道作用效果更强。此外,包括收割环节在内的劳动密集型环节和采用中稻种植模式的农户农业生产托管提升全要素生产率影响显著。不同环节农业生产托管增产效应中全要素生产率渠道作用也存在差异性。

Agricultural production trusteeship is a powerful means to ensure food security,promote the revitalization of rural industries and the development of agricultural modernization with Chinese characteristics.Based on the survey data of thousands of farmers in the main rice producing areas of Hubei Province,according to the Solow growth accounting idea,this paper constructs a dual channel analysis framework of‘agricultural production trusteeshipfactor input-rice yield'and‘agricultural production trusteeship-total factor productivityrice yield'.And this paper uses the 2SLS model to carry out the empirical test,systematically demonstrates the increase effect of agricultural production trusteeship,and further discusses its mechanism and influence degree.It is found that agricultural production trusteeship can significantly increase rice yield,and the yield increase effect of agricultural production trusteeship in harvesting is the most significant one.The effect of agricultural production trusteeship is mainly realized through two channels:input factors and total factor productivity.Farmers'agricultural production trusteeship behavior can improve rice yield by increasing land,labor and other factor inputs and improving total factor productivity.Compare the two channels,the effect of total factor productivity channel is stronger.In addition,the labour-intensive sectors,including harvesting,and the agricultural production trusteeship of farmers adopting medium-rice cropping patterns have had a significant impact on total factor productivity.There are also differences in the role of total factor productivity channels in the increase effect of agricultural production trusteeship behavior in different links.