经济增长与环境约束目标对城乡收入差距的影响

The Impact of Economic Growth and Environmental Constraints Targets on Urban-rural Income Gap

在中国当前的目标管理体系中,经济增长目标和环境约束目标二者之间的相互约束对于推动经济高质量发展至关重要。根据中国地级及以上城市面板数据,本文研究了环境约束目标下经济增长目标对城乡收入差距的影响。研究发现虽然经济增长目标提高会缩小城乡收入差距,但是环境约束目标的引入会削弱经济增长目标提高对城乡收入差距的缩小作用。在解决了内生性问题后,以上结论依然成立。机制检验显示,经济增长目标会通过推进城市化进程和促进产业间结构升级,进而缩小城乡收入差距;环境约束目标会通过阻碍城镇化进程和抑制产业结构升级,进而削弱经济增长目标对城乡收入差距的缩小作用。区域异质性分析显示,在发达城市,滞后一期的双重目标管理会缩小城乡收入差距,在欠发达城市,双重目标管理会扩大城乡收入差距。进一步分析显示,数字普惠金融、互联网发展能促进地方政府双重目标管理缩小城乡收入差距。

In China's current target management system,the mutual constraint between economic growth target and environmental constraint target is essential to promote high-quality economic development.Based on the panel data of 283 prefecture-level cities in China,this paper investigates the impact of economic growth targets on urban-rural income gap under environmental constraints targets.The research shows:although the economic growth target will narrow the urban-rural income gap,the narrowing effect of the economic growth target on the urban-rural income gap will be weakened by the environmental constraint target.The above conclusion still holds true after the endogeneity issue has been resolved.The mechanism test shows that the economic growth target will narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas by promoting urbanization and promoting the upgrading of inter-industrial structure.Environmental targets will weaken the effect of economic growth targets on narrowing the urban-rural income gap by hindering urbanization and inhibiting structural upgrading between industries.The analysis of regional heterogeneity shows that in developed cities,the dual-objective management lagging in the first period will narrow urban-rural income gap,and in less developed cities,the dual-objective management will widen urban-rural income gap.Further analysis shows that digital inclusive finance and Internet development can promote the dual-goal management of local governments to narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas.