考虑校车的早高峰个人与家庭混合出行问题

Morning Commute Problem with Both Individual and Household Travels Considering School Bus

在早高峰期间,家庭通勤者需要同时考虑家长和孩子双方的出行成本来制订出行计划。校车在各大城市的普及,改变了以往家长开车送孩子上学然后再去工作地点的单一出行方式。基于此,本文研究了在校车影响下的早高峰个人与家庭混合出行行为。首先,在校车、私家车双交通模式下,本文构建了个人与家庭混合出行的用户均衡模型,分别研究了个人通勤者和家庭通勤者的出发时间选择行为以及家庭通勤者的出行方式选择行为。其次,在均衡模型的基础上分别分析了校车费用、学校与工作开始时间差对个人和家庭两类通勤者出行成本的影响。然后,提出了相应的错峰调控策略来最小化交通系统总出行成本,从而提高交通系统的运行效率。最后,通过数值算例对本文所提出的模型和结论进行了验证。

When making travel plans during morning peak hours,household commuters need to consider the travel costs of both parents and children.With the popularity of school buses in major metropolises,the travel mode in which parents send their children to school first and then drive to work has been changed.This paper studies the mixed travel behavior of individuals and households under the influence of school buses during morning peak hours.Firstly,this paper constructs a user equilibrium model for the mixed travel of individuals and households under the dual transportation mode that includes school bus and car.What's more,this paper analyzes the departure time choice behavior of individuals and that of households,respectively,as well as the travel mode choice behavior of households.Secondly,based on the user equilibrium model,the impact of school bus fare and that of the difference between school start time and work start time on the travel costs of individual and that of household commuters are analyzed,respectively.Thirdly,the staggering policy is given to minimize the total travel cost of transportation system,which improves the operation efficiency of transportation system.Finally,several numerical examples are used to verify the proposed model and the conclusions presented in this paper.