KRAS突变晚期非小细胞肺癌生物学特征、临床治疗及预后研究进展

Progress on the Biological Characteristics,Clinical Treatment and Prognosis of Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer with KRAS Mutations

KRAS突变是非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)较为常见的基因突变,中国人群中KRAS G12C突变比例最高,其流行病学特征与西方人群存在差异。由于KRAS蛋白结构特殊、无明显结合位点,一度被冠以“不可成药靶点”。KRAS突变患者相比较于野生型患者生存期更短,预后更差。近年来KRAS G12C小分子抑制剂在临床初步研究中取得了突破性进展,为晚期NSCLC KRAS突变患者带来了生存希望,大量特异性靶点抑制剂、联合治疗等研究也不断深入。全文就晚期NSCLC KRAS突变流行病学特征、生物学特征、临床相关治疗及疗效预测等研究进展作一综述。

KRAS mutation is a common gene mutation in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC),and KRAS G12C mutation is the most common in Chinese population,presenting a different epidemiological feature from Western population.Due to the unique structure and lack of obvious binding sites of KRAS protein,it was once labeled as an“undruggable target”.Patients with KRAS mutations have a shorter survival time and poorer prognosis compared to those with wild-type KRAS.In recent years,KRAS G12C small molecule inhibitors have made breakthrough progress in preliminary clinical research,bringing hope for late stage NSCLC patients with KRAS mutations.A large number of specific target inhibitors have been developed,and combined therapy and other clinical studies have been further deepened.This paper reviews the epidemiological and biological characteristics of KRAS mutations,progress in clinical treatment and efficacy prediction of late NSCLC patients with KRAS mutations.