豁免类X射线装置辐射环境监测与分析

Radiation environment monitoring and analysis of exempted X-ray devices

目的对申请豁免管理的X射线装置提出X射线装置豁免管理的具体建议。方法通过试验分析屏蔽厚度和管电压对低能X射线装置的辐射剂量泄漏的影响权重分析,对深圳市申请最终用户豁免的50台X射线装置进行辐射水平现状调查。结果X射线装置的管电压和管电流与周围剂量当量率均未呈现明显的相关性;50台X射线装置的周围剂量当量率在0.16~1.20μSv/h;其中8台X射线装置存在辐射剂量泄漏,即周围剂量当量率>0.36μSv/h;1台X射线装置周围剂量当量率为1.2μSv/h,超过豁免管理要求。结论X射线装置豁免管理备案申请应进行区分对待,其自身屏蔽效果和固有安全性对辐射安全的影响权重更大,应重点关注。

Objective To propose specific suggestions for exemption management of X-ray devices applying for exemption management.Methods The weight analysis of influence of shielding thickness and tube voltage on the radiation dose leakage of low-energy X-ray devices was carried out through test analysis,and the radiation status of 50 X-ray devices applied for end-user exemption in Shenzhen,China was investigated.Results There was no significant correlation between the ambient dose equivalent rate and the tube voltage and tube current of the X-ray device.The ambient dose equivalent rate of 50 X-ray devices was 0.16-1.20μSv/h.Among them,8 X-ray devices had radiation dose leakage,that is,the ambient dose equivalent rate was greater than 0.36μSv/h;the ambient dose equivalent rate of one X-ray device was 1.2μSv/h,exceeding exemption management requirements.Conclusion Applications for exemption management and filing of X-ray devices should be treated differently,and their own shielding effect and inherent safety have a greater impact on radiation safety,which should be focused on.