肿瘤科护士人文关怀能力的潜在剖面分析及影响因素研究

Latent profile analysis and influencing factors of humanistic care ability among oncology nurses

目的调查肿瘤科护士人文关怀能力现状,分析人文关怀能力的潜在剖面并探讨不同剖面的影响因素。方法采用便利抽样法,于2022年12月—2023年3月选取山东省10所三级甲等医院的836名肿瘤科护士作为研究对象。采用一般资料调查表、关怀能力量表、职业认同量表、组织支持感量表进行调查,以人文关怀能力3个外显指标进行潜在剖面分析,并通过单因素分析、无序多分类Logistic回归探讨人文关怀能力不同潜在剖面的影响因素。结果肿瘤科护士人文关怀能力整体低于国际常模水平,通过潜在剖面分析法可分为关怀能力风险组、关怀能力潜力组及关怀能力优势组3个潜在剖面,其中关怀能力优势组关怀能力已达到中等国际常模水平。其影响因素包括性别、是否为独生子女、职业认同、组织支持感(均P<0.05)。结论肿瘤科护士人文关怀能力存在较大异质性,潜在剖面相较于整体区分对人文关怀能力的分析更具精准性。护理管理者可根据不同潜在剖面特点及影响因素进行个体化干预,以实现肿瘤科护士整体关怀能力的均衡同质化发展。

Objective To explore the current status of humanistic care ability among oncology nurses,analyze the latent profiles of humanistic care ability and the influencing factors of different profiles.Methods From December 2022 to March 2023,836 oncology nurses from 10 Class Ⅲ Grade A hospitals in Shandong Province were selected as the subject using convenience sampling.The survey was conducted using the General Information Questionnaire,Caring Ability Inventory,Professional Identity Scale,and Perceived Organizational Support Scale.Latent profile analysis was conducted using three observable indicators of humanistic care ability,and the influencing factors of different latent profiles of humanistic care ability were analyzed through single factor analysis and unordered multiclass Logistic regression.Results The overall humanistic care ability of oncology nurses was lower than the international norm level.Through the latent profile analysis,there were three latent profiles,namely the care ability risk group,care ability potential group,and care ability advantage group.The care ability advantage group reached a moderate international norm level in terms of care ability,and its influencing factors included gender,being an only child,professional identity,and perceive organizational support,with statistically significant differences(all P<0.05).Conclusions There is significant heterogeneity in the humanistic care ability of oncology nurses,and the latent profile is more accurate in analyzing humanistic care ability compared to overall differentiation.Nursing managers can provide personalized interventions based on different latent profile characteristics and influencing factors,so as to achieve balanced and homogeneous development of the overall care ability of oncology nurses.