新护士工作准备度现状及影响因素分析

Analysis of the status quo and influencing factors of the job preparedness of newly recruited nurses

目的了解新护士工作准备度现状,并分析其影响因素。方法采用便利抽样法,选取全国5家三级医院于2021年9月—2022年9月入职的355名新护士为调查对象,采用一般资料调查表,毕业护士工作准备度量表、新护士转型冲击量表进行调查。使用Logistic回归分析新护士工作准备度的影响因素。结果共发放并回收问卷355份,有效问卷350份,有效回收率为98.6%。新护士工作准备度总得分为(271.05±49.97)分,标准化总得分为(73.26±13.57)分。高分组(标准化总得分≥70分)208名,占59.4%;低分组(标准化总得分<70分)142名,占40.6%。Logistic回归分析显示,工作科室、在校期间有兼职经历、与同学相处融洽以及转型冲击为新护士工作准备度的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论新护士工作准备度受多种因素影响,护理教育者及护理管理者应根据新护士的不同经历、人际关系、工作科室以及转型冲击水平,采取针对性的教育和管理手段,以提高新护士的工作准备度。

Objective To understand the status quo of the job preparedness among newly recruited nurses and analyze its influencing factors.Methods Totally 355 newly recruited nurses who joined 5 ClassⅢGrade A hospitals nationwide between September 2021 and September 2022 were selected by convenience sampling and investigated by general information surveys,the Work Readiness Scale for Graduate Nurses and the Transition Shock of Newly Graduated Nurses Scale.Logistic regression was employed to analyze the influencing factors of the job preparedness among these newly recruited nurses.Results A total of 355 questionnaires were distributed,and 350 valid responses were received,with a valid response rate of 98.6%.The overall score for the job preparedness of the newly recruited nurses was(271.05±49.97),with a standardized total score of(73.26±13.57).208 individuals(59.4%)scored high(standardized total score≥70),while 142 individuals(40.6%)scored low(standardized total score<70).Logistic regression analysis revealed that the department of employment,part-time job experience,harmonious relationships with classmates during schooling,and the level of transition shock were influencing factors for the job preparedness of the newly recruited nurses(P<0.05).Conclusions The job preparedness of newly recruited nurses is influenced by various factors.Nursing educators and managers should adopt targeted educational and management strategies based on the nurses'different experiences,interpersonal relationships,department of employment,and level of transition shock to enhance their job preparedness.