基于倾斜摄影测量的露天矿三维模型精度分析

Accuracy Analysis of the Three-Dimensional Model of Open-Pit Mines Based on Oblique Photogrammetry

矿产资源在我国国民经济发展中占有很大比重。矿区周边地形条件复杂,准确测量矿区地形可以保证矿产资源安全合理开采,传统的矿山测量具有一定的危险性。项目采用高分辨率镜头无人机,结合倾斜摄影测量技术,在短时间内获得矿区多角度高分辨率图像和特征面精细纹理信息,具有灵活性强、无场地约束等优点。使用配备普通光学镜头的消费级无人机,共收集918幅光学图像作为原始数据。对其进行预处理和建模,以生成研究区域的高精度、清晰纹理三维模型。经空中三角网平差后,像元均方根为0.53,与实测值比较,平面坐标中误差±0.1 cm,最大误差0.2 cm,高度中误差±0.1 cm,最大误差0.2 cm,模型平面坐标中误差±2.9 cm,最大误差10.2 cm,高度中误差±6.4 cm。结果表明,生产模型满足相关规范要求,在危险区域使用倾斜摄影测量可以提高测量人员的安全性。

Mineral resources account for a large proportion in the development of China's national economy.The terrain conditions around the mining area are complex,and the accurate measurement of the terrain of the mining area can ensure the safe and reasonable exploitation of mineral resources.Traditional mining measurement has certain risks.This project adopts a UAV with high-resolution lenses to obtain multi-angle high-resolution images and the fine texture information of the feature surfaces of the mining area in a short period of time in combination with oblique photogrammetry technology,which has the advantages of strong flexibility and no site constraints.A total of 918 optical images are collected as raw data by using a consumer-grade drone equipped with ordinary optical lenses,and they are preprocessed and modeled to generate a high-precision and clearly-textured 3D model of the study area.After the adjustment of the aerial triangulation network,the root mean square of the pixels is 0.53.Compared with the measured values,the error in the plane coordinates is±0.1 cm with the maximum error 0.2 cm,the error in height is±0.1 cm with the maximum error of 0.2 cm,the error in the model plane coordinates is±2.9 cm with the maximum error of 10.2 cm,and the error in height is±6.4 cm.The results show that the production model meets relevant specifications,and that the use of oblique photogrammetry in hazardous areas can improve the safety of surveyors.