云南省近20年间地表覆盖变化及其对自然保护地体系构建影响研究

Research on Surface Cover Changes and Their Impact on the Construction of Nature Reserve System in Yunnan Province in the Past 20 Years

对GlobeLand30涉及云南省2000、2010、2020年共15个分幅图进行地表解译,利用点数测算法对各类地表覆盖测算面积,并对地表变化的时空特征进行比较研究,分析其对自然保护地体系构建的影响。结果表明,近20年间云南省9种地表覆盖类型中耕地、林地、草地和灌木地呈“1增3减”、湿地和冰川永久积雪覆盖有所减少、水体先减后增、裸地先增后减、人造地表持续增加等变化特征。全省16个州(市)人造地表扩占耕地并非主导,多数州(市)的林、草、灌地表覆盖面积有所减少,人造地表扩占林草灌是首要矛盾。承载自然保护地的5种主要地表覆盖减少,提出监测地表覆盖变化以维护自然保护地的边界建设稳定性,以省级地表覆盖的视角研发省级荒野地图作为规划底数底图,识别最不被打扰的地理空间纳入自然保护地体系规划的设想。

In GlobeLand30,a total of 15 sub-maps of land cover covering Yunnan Province in 2000,2010 and 2020 were interpreted.The measured area of various types of land cover was measured using the point calculation method,and the space-time characteristics of land surface change were compared to analyze its impact on the construction of natural reserve system.The result showed that in the past 20 years,the changes of cultivated land,forest land,grassland and shrub land showed“1 increase and 3 decrease”,the permanent snow cover of wetland and glacier decreased,water body decreased first and then increased,bare land increased first and then decreased,artificial land continued to increase and so on.In the 16 cities and states of the province,artificial surface expansion of cultivated land was not dominant,the covered area of forest,grass and irrigated land had decreased in most of the cities,and the artificial surface expansion of forest and grassland irrigation was the primary contradiction.The five main land covers bearing protected natural areas were reduced,and it was proposed to monitor the change of land cover to maintain the stability of the construction of protected natural areas.The provincial wilderness map was developed from the perspective of provincial land cover as the planning base map,and the least disturbed geographical space was identified and incorporated into the planning of protected natural areas system.