摘要
以“冀姜5号”为试材,在生姜小培土至根茎膨大期施用高氮型(T_(1),N-P-K=30-10-20)、高钾型(T_(2),N-P-K=15-6-30)和高磷型(T_(3),N-P-K=10-30-20)3种水溶肥处理,研究不同水溶肥对生姜生长、光合生理特性以及产量的影响。结果表明,各处理中以T_(2)处理茎粗、分枝数和叶面积最高,株高与其他处理差异不显著。与常规施肥(CK)相比,T_(2)处理显著提高了生姜叶片叶绿素含量、净光合速率、气孔导度和蒸腾速率,叶片蔗糖合成酶、谷氨酰胺合成酶和硝酸还原酶活性明显升高,单株根茎鲜重和产量显著增加。与CK相比,T_(1)处理生姜株高显著增加,茎粗显著降低,净光合速率显著提高,叶绿素含量和碳氮代谢相关酶活性与CK无显著差异,产量显著低于T_(2)处理,与CK差异不显著。T_(3)处理各生长指标及光合生理指标均与CK无显著差异,产量显著低于T_(2)和T_(1)处理,与CK差异不显著。因此,在小培土至根茎膨大期,建议施用高钾型水溶肥(N-P-K=15-6-30),能够有效促进生姜生长,提高叶片叶绿素含量、光合效率及碳氮代谢相关酶活性,有利于生姜增产。
Taking“Jijiang No.5”as the test material,three kinds of water-soluble fertilizers including high nitrogen type(T_(1),N-P-K=30-10-20),high potassium type(T_(2),N-P-K=15-6-30)and high phosphorus type(T_(3),N-P-K=10-30-20)were applied during the period from earthing to rhizome expansion to study the effects of different water-soluble fertilizers on the growth,photosynthetic physiological characteristics and yield of ginger.The results showed that T_(2)treatment had the highest stem diameter,branch number and leaf area,and had no significant difference in plant height compared with other treatments.Compared with conventional fertilization(CK),T_(2)treatment significantly improved the chlorophyll content,net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance and transpiration rate of ginger leaves,the activities of sucrose synthease,glutamine synthetase and nitrate reductase in leaves of T_(2)treatment were improved,the fresh weight and yield of rhizome of T_(2)treatment were increased significantly.Compared with CK,T_(1)treatment significantly increased ginger plant height,significantly decreased stem diameter.The net photosynthetic rate of T_(1)treatment was significantly increased,and there had no significant difference in yield with CK.The growth indexes and photosynthetic physiological indexes of T_(3)treatment had no significant difference with CK,the yield in T_(3)treatment was significantly lower than T_(2)and T_(1)treatments,but no significant difference with CK.Therefore,it is recommended to apply high potassium water-soluble fertilizer(N-P-K=15-6-30)during the period from earthing to rhizome expansion,which can effectively promote ginger growth,improve leaf chlorophyll content,photosynthetic efficiency and carbon and nitrogen metabolism related enzyme activities,and is conductive to ginger yield.
作者
付丽军
王永存
张璐
闫红波
段惠敏
周禹
FU Li-jun;WANG Yong-cun;ZHANG Lu(Tangshan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Tangshan,Hebei 063001)
出处
《安徽农业科学》
CAS
2024年第1期151-154,共4页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences
基金
河北省“三三三人才工程”资助项目(A202001094)
河北省农业科技成果转化项目(21626405D)
唐山市农业科学研究院与中国农业科学院合作项目。
关键词
生姜
水溶肥
光合
生理特性
产量
Ginger
Water-soluble fertilizer
Photosynthesis
Physiological characteristics
Yield