新形势下我国航空外贸物流发展研究——以上海空港为例

Research on the Development of China’s Aviation Logistics of Foreign Trade under the New Situation——A Case Study of Shanghai Airport

当前,世界百年变局叠加世纪疫情,经济全球化遭遇逆流,世界进入新的动荡变革期。在我国深度融入全球产业链的背景下,我国航空外贸物流能力对构建全球供应链的运作体系,构建以国内大循环为主体、国内国际双循环相互促进的新发展格局具有重要意义。但我国航空外贸物流能力存在明显短板,在新冠疫情爆发后问题显得尤为突出。通过对当前我国最大空运口岸的上海空港外贸物流在吞吐量、进出口值、市场布局、商品布局、辐射能力和营商环境等方面进行结构性分析的方法,围绕产业带动作用、国际贸易货物分拨能力、机场综保区配套发展水平、全货机运输发展情况、航空货运供应链安全性等多项指标进行模块化分析,指出新形势下上海航空外贸物流发展面临的五大困难和三大机遇,有针对性地提出提升航空外贸物流能力的对策和建议。

At present,the world is experiencing a confluence of a once-in-a-century shift and a global pandemic,facing a backlash against economic globalization.Consequently,we have entered a new era of turbulence and transformation.Under the background of China’s deep integration into the global industrial chain,China’s capability in aviation logistics of foreign trade is of great significance for building the operation system of the global supply chain and the new development paradigm characterized by the domestic circulation as the mainstay,complemented by the mutual reinforcement of dual circulation of both domestic and international markets.However,there are obvious shortcomings in China’s capacity in aviation logistics of foreign trade,especially after the outbreak of COVID-19.Employing a structural analysis of Shanghai Airport,China’s largest air transport hub,this study examines its foreign trade logistics in terms of throughput,import and export values,market and commodity layouts,radiation capacity,and the business environment.It conducts modular analyses across various indicators such as the industry’s driving force,international trade cargo distribution capabilities,the development level of the airport’s comprehensive bonded zone,the growth of all-cargo aircraft operations,and the security of the air cargo supply chain.The paper then identifies five major challenges and three significant opportunities for the development of Shanghai’s aviation logistics of foreign trade under the new circumstances.Consequently,it proposes targeted strategies and recommendations to enhance the capacity in aviation logistics of foreign trade.