约束对DNAN基熔铸炸药点火反应特性的影响

Effect of Constraints on the Ignition Reaction Characteristics of DNAN-based Melt-cast Explosives

为了探究约束对2,4-二硝基苯甲醚(DNAN)基熔铸炸药点火反应特性的影响,设计了不同壁厚条件下单端点火试验和相同壁厚的爆轰试验;基于爆炸相似理论,通过对比爆轰试验与点火试验产生的冲击波超压,估算了炸药在点火试验中产生的等效反应药量。结果表明,DNAN基熔铸炸药在一般约束条件下(壁厚小于10mm),经黑火药引燃后仅发生燃烧反应;在强约束条件下(壁厚20、30、40及50mm)反应更为剧烈,但未发生典型的燃烧转爆轰过程,反应烈度为爆燃或爆炸级。DNAN基熔铸炸药发生反应的等效反应药量随着管体壁厚增大,爆炸百分比从23.9%依次增加至34.8%、77.3%及78.7%。可知在一定范围内增强约束条件,炸药燃烧进程会随之加快,反应更为剧烈,但当约束条件足够强时,这种促进作用将不再明显。

In order to explore the effect of constraints on the ignition reaction characteristics of DNAN-based melt-cast explosives,single-end ignition tests with different shell thicknesses and detonation tests with the same shell thickness were designed.Based on the explosion similarity theory,the shock wave overpressure generated by the detonation test and ignition test were compared,the equivalent reaction charge mass in the ignition test was estimated.The results show that under general constraint conditions(shell thickness less than 10 mm),DNAN-based melt-cast explosives only underwent a combustion reaction after being ignited by black powder;under strong constraint conditions(shell thickness 20,30,40 and 50 mm),the reaction was more rapid.It was violent,but the typical combustion-to-detonation process didn′t occur,and the reaction intensity was deflagration or explosion level.The equivalent reaction mass of DNAN-based melt-cast explosives increased as the shell thickness of the tube body increased,and the explosion percentage increased from 23.9%to 34.8%,77.3%and 78.7%.It can be seen that if the constraint conditions are strengthened within a certain range,the combustion process of the explosive will be accelerated and the reaction will be more violent.However,when the constraint conditions are strong enough,this promotion effect will no longer be obvious.