植物PRR免疫受体功能研究进展

Research Progress in Immune Receptor Functions of Pattern-Recognition Receptor in Plants

植物在长期的适应环境过程中进化出大量细胞表面和细胞内免疫受体来感知环境中的各种生物和非生物刺激,进而引发受体依赖的免疫反应。细胞表面模式识别受体(PRR)能够识别病原微生物模式分子并激活基础免疫,从而使植物获得相应的耐受性。目前,借助于高效的研究手段,研究者在PRR介导的植物抗病及环境胁迫耐受方面取得了一些进展。本文主要综述近年来在植物PRR种类和结构、配体识别和结合机制、PRR介导的先天性免疫特征和机理以及新PRR受体的鉴定等方面取得的研究进展,同时关注近年来植物PRR受体在赋予植物对盐胁迫抗性等方面的研究成果,以期为深入理解植物与环境互作的免疫基础,并为利用基因工程培育优良抗病和抗逆植物品种提供理论基础和指导。

In the process of long-term adaptation to environment,plants have evolved a large number of cell surface and intracellular immune receptors to sense various biological and abiotic stimuli,and then trigger receptor-dependent immune responses.Cell surface Pattern-Recognition Receptor(PRR)is able to recognize pathogenic microbial model molecules and activate basic immunity,thereby enabling plants to acquire corresponding tolerance.At present,with the help of efficient research methods,researchers have made some progress in PRR-mediated plant disease resistance and environmental stress tolerance.Here,we reviewed the recent achievements of plant PRR on types and structures,ligand recognition and binding mechanisms,characteristics and mechanism of innate immunity mediated by PRRs,and identification of novel PRRs.Meanwhile,this review also focused on PRR-mediated salt resistance.The results will help us further understand the immune basis of plant-environment interaction,and will provide theoretical basis and guidance for the use of genetic engineering to cultivate excellent disease resistant and stress resistant plant varieties.