氨基酸微量元素螯合物对草鱼生长及血清生化指标、脂质代谢和抗氧化能力的影响

Effects of Amino Acid Chelate Trace Element on Growth Performance,Serum Biochemical Indexes,Lipid Metabolism and Antioxidant Capacity of Grass Carp

本试验旨在研究氨基酸微量元素螯合物对草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idella)生长性能及血清生化指标、脂质代谢和抗氧化能力的影响。试验选取体重为(70.20±0.05)g的草鱼600尾,随机分为3组,每组5个重复,每个重复40尾。3组分别饲喂基础饲料+1.0 g/kg无机微量元素(CON组)、基础饲料+1.0 g/kg无机微量元素+0.5 g/kg氨基酸微量元素螯合物1(W1组)和基础饲料+1.0 g/kg无机微量元素+0.5 g/kg氨基酸微量元素螯合物2(W2组)3种等氮等脂试验饲料。试验期56 d。结果显示:1)与CON组相比,W1和W2组草鱼的末均重(FBW)、增重率(WGR)和特定生长率(SGR)均显著升高(P<0.05),饵料系数(FCR)呈相反趋势,而形体指标无显著变化(P>0.05)。2)与CON组相比,W1组草鱼血清谷丙转氨酶(GPT)活性及总胆固醇(T-CHO)、胆汁酸(TBA)含量显著降低(P<0.05),W2组草鱼血清GPT活性显著降低(P<0.05)。3)与CON组相比,W1组草鱼全鱼粗脂肪含量显著降低(P<0.05),而W2组草鱼全鱼粗脂肪含量无显著差异(P>0.05),W1和W2组的草鱼肝脏粗脂肪含量显著降低(P<0.05)。4)与CON组相比,W1和W2组草鱼血清脂代谢相关酶肉毒碱棕榈酰基转移酶1(CPT1)和激素敏感脂肪酶(HSL)活性显著升高(P<0.05),乙酰辅酶A羧化酶(ACCα)活性显著降低(P<0.05)。5)与CON组相比,W1和W2组草鱼血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性及总抗氧化(T-AOC)显著升高(P<0.05),而血清丙二醛(MDA)含量显著降低(P<0.05),血清补体4(C4)和免疫球蛋白M(IgM)含量显著升高(P<0.05),而血清补体3(C3)含量没有显著差异(P>0.05)。与W1组相比,W2组草鱼血清GSH-Px活性和T-AOC显著升高(P<0.05)。综上可知,与CON相比,饲料中添加氨基酸微量元素螯合物能够提高草鱼的生长性能,提高机体非特异性免疫力和抗氧化能力,并促进脂质代谢。与氨基酸微量元素螯合物1相比,饲料中添加氨基酸微量元素螯合物2能够提高草鱼的抗氧化能力。

The experiment was aimed to study the effects of amino acid chelate trace element on the growth performance,serum biochemical indexes,lipid metabolism and antioxidant capacity of grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella).A total of 600 grass carp weighing(70.20±0.05)g were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups,5 replicates in each group,and 40 fish in each replicate.The experiment was divided into three groups,which were fed three kinds of isonitrogenous and isolipidic test feeds:basal feed+1.0 g/kg inorganic trace element(CON group),basal feed+1.0 g/kg inorganic trace element+0.5 g/kg amino acid chelate trace element 1(W1 group)and basal feed+1.0 g/kg inorganic trace element+0.5 g/kg amino acid chelate trace element 2(W2 group).The experiment lasted for 56 day.The results showed as follows:1)compared with the CON group,the final mean weight(FBW),weight gain rate(WGR),and specific growth rate(SGR)of grass carp in the W1 and W2 groups were significantly higher(P<0.05),and the feed conversion ratio(FCR)showed an opposite trend,whereas no significant changes were observed in the morphometric indices(P>0.05).2)Compared with the CON group,serum glutamine transaminase(GPT)activity and total cholesterol(T-CHO)and bile acid(TBA)contents of grass carp in W1 group were significantly lower(P<0.05),whereas serum GPT activity of grass carp in W2 group was significantly lower(P<0.05).3)Compared with the CON group,crude fat content of the whole fish of grass carp in W1 group was significantly lower(P<0.05),while there was no significant difference in the crude fat content of whole grass carp in W2 group(P>0.05),and the crude fat content of grass carp liver in W1 and W2 groups was significantly lower(P<0.05).4)Compared with the CON group,the activities of serum lipid metabolism-related enzymes carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1(CPT1)and hormone-sensitive lipase(HSL)in W1 and W2 groups were significantly elevated(P<0.05),and the activities of acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase(ACCα)activities were significantly lower(P<0.05).5)Compared with the CON group,serum glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),superoxide dismutase(SOD)activities and total antioxidant(T-AOC)were significantly higher(P<0.05),while serum malondialdehyde(MDA)content was significantly lower(P<0.05),complement 4(C4)and immunoglobulin M(IgM)contents were significantly higher(P<0.05),while there was no significant difference in serum complement 3(C3)content(P>0.05).Serum GSH-Px activity and T-AOC were significantly higher of grass carp in W2 group compared with W1 group(P<0.05).In conclusion,it can be seen that the addition of amino acid chelate trace element to the diet can promote the growth performance of grass carp,improve the nonspecific immunity and antioxidant capacity of the body,and promote fat metabolism compared with CON group.Compared with amino acid chelate trace element 1,the addition of amino acid chelate trace element 2 to the diet is able to improve the antioxidant capacity of grass carp.