未添加或添加复合酶制剂条件下脱酚棉籽蛋白复合物替代黄鳝饲料中鱼粉的适宜比例

Appropriate Ratio of Fish Meal Substituted by Dephenolized Cottonseed Protein Compound in Diets of Monopterus albus under Adding or Non-Adding Complex Enzyme Preparation Conditions

为探明未添加或添加复合酶制剂条件下脱酚棉籽蛋白复合物在黄鳝饲料中替代鱼粉的适宜比例,首先配制含50%鱼粉的基础饲料作为对照,然后以脱酚棉籽蛋白复合物分别替代在基础饲料中25%、50%、100%的鱼粉配制3种试验饲料,再在3种试验饲料中分别添加0.1%的复合酶制剂配制3种加酶试验饲料,喂养黄鳝[(8.774±0.023)g]60 d。结果显示:1)黄鳝的终末均重、增重率、特定生长率、蛋白质效率、蛋白质沉积率均随脱酚棉籽蛋白复合物替代比例的升高先上升后下降;以特定生长率和蛋白质效率为评价指标,在不添加复合酶制剂时脱酚棉籽蛋白复合物替代鱼粉的适宜比例分别为27.47%、39.62%,在添加复合酶制剂时脱酚棉籽蛋白复合物替代鱼粉的适宜比例分别为42.70%、50.79%。2)在未添加或添加复合酶制剂条件下,脱酚棉籽蛋白复合物替代25%或50%的鱼粉对黄鳝的肥满度均无显著影响(P>0.05)。3)相同替代比例下,添加复合酶制剂组各组织中消化酶活性均高于不添加复合酶制剂组。4)在未添加或添加复合酶制剂条件下,25%替代组全鱼粗蛋白质含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),且25%替代比例下添加复合酶制剂组高于未添加复合酶制剂组(P>0.05)。5)添加复合酶制剂条件下,25%替代组肌肉粘力显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。6)同一替代比例下,添加复合酶制剂使血清中谷丙转氨酶与谷草转氨酶活性降低,高密度脂蛋白与低密度脂蛋白含量上升。7)在未添加或添加复合酶制剂条件下,以脱酚棉籽蛋白复合物替代25%的鱼粉对黄鳝的前肠和后肠绒毛长度与固有层厚度均未产生显著影响(P>0.05)。结果表明:添加复合酶制剂可以促进黄鳝对脱酚棉籽蛋白复合物的消化利用;以脱酚棉籽蛋白复合物替代鱼粉短期(60 d)饲养黄鳝,在不添加、添加复合酶制剂条件下适宜替代比例分别为27.47%、42.70%。

To explore the appropriate ratio of dephenolized cottonseed protein compound of fish meal substituted by dephenolized cottonseed protein compound in diets of Monopterus albus under adding or non-adding complex enzyme preparation,a basal diet containing 50%fish meal was prepared as a control,and then three experimental diets were prepared with dephenolized cottonseed protein compound instead of 25%,50%and 100%fish meal in the basal diet,respectively.Next,At the corresponding replacement level,three enzyme-containing experimental diets were prepared by adding 0.1%complex enzyme preparation to the three experimental diets.Eels[(8.774±0.023)g]were fed above seven diets for 60 days.The results showed as follows:1)the final average body weight,weight gain rate,specific growth rate,protein efficiency,protein deposition rate increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of the replacement ratio of dephenolized cottonseed protein compound;with the specific growth rate and protein efficiency as evaluation indexes,the appropriate ratios of dephenolized cottonseed protein compound to replace fish meal were 27.47%and 39.62%under non-adding complex enzyme preparation,and were 42.70%and 50.79%under adding complex enzyme preparation,respectively.2)The replacement of 25%or 50%fish meal with dephenolized cottonseed protein compound had no significant effect on the condition factor of Monopterus albus under the adding or non-adding complex enzyme preparation conditions(P>0.05).3)Under the same replacement ratio,the activities of digestive enzymes in each tissue in the adding complex enzyme preparation group were higher than those in the non-adding complex enzyme preparation group.4)Under the adding or non-adding complex enzyme preparation conditions,the crude protein content of whole fish in the 25%replacement group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05),and it in the adding complex enzyme preparation group was higher than that in the non-adding complex enzyme preparation group under the replacement ratio of 25%(P>0.05).5)Under adding complex enzyme preparation condition,the muscle adhesion in the 25%replacement group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).6)Under the same replacement ratio,the activities of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase in serum were decreased,and the contents of high-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein in serum were increased by adding complex enzyme preparation.7)Under the conditions of adding or non-adding of complex enzyme preparation,the replacement of 25%fish meal with dephenolized cottonseed protein compound had no significant effects on the villus length and lamina propria thickness of the foregut and hindgut of Monopterus albus(P>0.05).The results indicate that adding complex enzyme preparation can promote the digestion and utilization of dephenolized cottonseed protein compound in Monopterus albus.The appropriate ratios of fish meal substituted by dephenolized cottonseed protein compound for short-term(60 days)feeding of Monopterus albus are 27.47%and 42.70%under the conditions of adding or non-adding of complex enzyme preparation,respectively.