新疆莎车灌区农作物多目标种植优化调整

Optimization and Adjustment of Multi⁃Objective Crop Planting in Shache Irrigation Area of Xinjiang

地处西北干旱区的新疆是我国重要的农业省份,水资源是当地农业发展的重要保证和必要条件。以新疆典型流域灌区莎车灌区为例,从灌区农业生态效益、经济效益、灌溉用水量三个角度入手,运用多目标综合优化模型对灌区农作物种植结构进行了优化调整与分析,并探讨了通过优化农作物种植结构以合理利用水资源并促进灌区农业经济可持续发展的可能性。结果表明:1)在现状年使用作物种植结构优化方案可以使固碳量增加0.8 t,经济效益增加58 453.88万元,并节约农业灌溉用水总量111.02万m^(3)。2)对2025年和2035年农作物种植面积进行多目标规划与调整后,不仅实现了节水,而且生态效益和经济效益也将显著提高。

Xinjiang,located in the arid region of the northwest,is an important agricultural province and water resources are an important guarantee and a necessary condition for the development of local agriculture.Taking Shache irrigation area of Xinjiang as an example,this pa-per discussed the possibility of promoting the sustainable development of agricultural economy in the irrigation area by optimizing the crop planting structure and rationally using water resources according to the“14th Five-Year Plan”for Kashgar region and the outline planning document for the long-term goals in 2035.Specifically,from the three perspectives of agricultural ecological benefits,economic benefits and irrigation water consumption,the multi-objective comprehensive optimization model was built in this research to adjust and analyze the crop planting structure in Shache irrigation area.The results show that a)the optimization of crop planting structure in the current year can in-crease carbon sequestration by 0.8 t,economic benefits by 584538800 Yuan and save 1110200 m^(3) of total agricultural irrigation water.b)After the multi-objective planning of the crop planting area in 2025 and 2035,the ecological and economic benefits will be greatly im-proved,the water saving effect will be remarkable and the purpose of adjusting the crop planting structure will be achieved.