阳新本地油茶种质果实性状分析与评价

Analysis and evaluation on fruit traits of local Camellia oleifera germplasm in Yangxin

以阳新县经济林示范场的45个本地油茶无性系为试验材料,采集成熟果实,测定分析了果实性状的13项指标;然后在主成分分析和相关性分析的基础上,进行DTOPSIS综合分析评价,以便为其利用提供科学依据。研究结果表明:这45个无性系的果色共有7种,青色、红色、黄青色、红青色、青黄色、红黄色和黄红色;果形有3种,卵形、球形和桔形;单果鲜重、鲜果含水率、干果出籽率和干籽出仁率分别为11.51~24.35 g,32.54%~64.11%,34.40%~66.96%和40.75%~68.72%;种仁和鲜果含油率分别为17.57%~41.45%和2.74%~9.27%。在主成分分析和相关性分析的基础上,结合油茶生产实际,选取了单果鲜重、干果出籽率、干籽出仁率、种仁含油率和鲜果含水率5个指标,进行DTOPSIS综合分析评价,排序前10的无性系为:209> Y05> C02> A0801> 202> D36>Y11> 203> M1> 208。

In this paper,45 local clones of Camellia oleifera planted in the Economic Forest Demonstration Farm of Yangxin County were used as experimental materials,and the mature fruits were collected and 13 indexes of fruit traits were measured and analyzed;based on principal component analysis and correlation analysis,DTOPSIS(dynamic technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution)comprehensive analysis and evalu-ation were conducted in order to provide a scientific basis for its utilization.The results showed that:there were 7 kinds of fruit color,i.e.cyan,red,yellow-cyan,red-cyan,cyan-yellow,red-yellow and yellow-red;there were 3 kinds of fruit shapes,i.e.ovoid-shape,sphere-shape and orange-shape;the fresh weight of a single fruit,the moisture con-tent of fresh fruit,the dry seed rate and the kernel rate of dry seeds were 11.51-24.35 g,32.54%-64.11%,34.40%-66.96%and 40.75%-68.72%,correspondingly;the oil contents in dry kernel and fresh fruit were 17.57%-41.45%and 2.74%-9.27%,respectively.Based on principal analysis and correlation analysis of fruit traits,and in refer to practical production,five indexes(i.e.the fresh weight of a single fruit,the dry seed rate,the kernel rate of dry seeds,the oil content of dry kernels and the moisture content of fresh fruit)were chosen for DTOPSIS comprehensive analysis and evaluation.The results showed that the top 10 clones ranked as:209>Y05>C02>A0801>202>D36>Y11>203>M1>208.