江南抗倭时期“唐宋派”的经世活动与海洋书写

The Governing Practice and Maritime Writing of the "Tang-Song School" During the Anti-Japanese Pirates in Jiangnan Area

“唐宋派”作为明嘉靖年间著名的文学流派,他们取法唐宋以溯秦汉,反对佶屈聱牙、摹拟剽窃的复古文风,其文论思想注重“文”与“道”的并重,有着强烈的经世济民情怀。嘉靖年间的江南沿海地区,海疆不靖,倭寇侵扰频繁,沿海民众深受其害。面对这“不靖的海”,“唐宋派”成员在抗倭的时代背景下,其文学创作、经世实践等都发生了明显的“海洋转向”,抗倭、海洋诗文书写成为他们生命历程与文学创作中十分耀眼的篇章。这种“海洋转向”为“唐宋派”文学地位的形成与影响的扩大起到重要的推动作用,同时也带动江南文人海洋诗文创作一代风气的形成。

As a famous literary school during the reign of Emperor Jiajing of the Ming Dynasty,the "Tang-Song School" followed the example of Tang and Song Dynasties and traced it back to the Qin and Han Dynasties,and opposed the awkward and plagiarizing style of ancient literature.Its literary theory stresses "literary" and "tao",and has strong sentiments of "governing the country and benefiting the people".During the reign of Emperor Jiajing,the people in the coastal areas in Jiangnan suffered from unrest and frequent intrusion by Japanese pirates.Facing this "unrestful sea" and Japanese pirates' intrusion,members of the "Tang-Song School" made an obvious "marine turn" in their literary creations and governance practices.The writing of anti-Japanese and maritime poetry became a very brilliant chapter in their life course and literary creation.This "marine turn" played an important role in the promotion of the literary status and influence of the "Tang-Song School",and also led to the formation of maritime poetic creation among the literati in Jiangnan area.