浅谈国外实验大鼠资源的开发与利用

Brief review of the cultivation and utilization of rat resources

实验大鼠是最常用的实验动物之一,因其遗传及环境较易控制,且体型约为小鼠10倍,容易操作,被广泛应用于生理学、神经行为学、病理学及毒理学等生物医药领域研究。本文回顾了百余年来国外实验大鼠资源培育、保存和开发历程,为我国更好地收集、分享和利用实验大鼠资源提供借鉴。

Rat is one of representative laboratory animals since the genetic and the environment is comparatively easy to control.Laboratory rats are widely used in the area of physiology,neuroethology,pathology and toxicology due to the approximately ten times larger body size compared to mouse,offering several unique advantages in surgical procedures and clinical sampling of blood,tissues,etc.This paper reviews the cultivation and utilization history of the laboratory rat resources abroad such as strain breeding,preservation and database establishment to provide references for collecting,sharing and utilizing laboratory rat resources in our country.