文学革新与拯救——本雅明的副刊文学实验与媒介反思

Innovation and Salvation of Literature:Benjamin’s Literary Experiments in Feuilleton and Reflections on the Media

大学授课资格申请失败后,投身公共文坛的本雅明开始大量为报刊撰稿,其中短篇文学创作是重要一维。本雅明一方面以短悍的形式与贴近大众的姿态使他的创作与市场相适,另一方面又以独具特色的先锋创作手法对大众施以其“左翼局外人”的政治影响。这些具有先锋特质的文学实验,既是本雅明在文学形式剧烈融合的进程中对文学重建自身的探索,也是他就如何为无产阶级提供革新的生产机器而进行的创作尝试。对报纸和副刊的考察是本雅明现代性反思中的一环,对二者的期望蕴含了他对现代性危机的拯救意图。

After failing to qualify for university teaching, Walter Benjamin began to write extensively for newspapers and periodicals, of which short prose was an important dimension. On the one hand, Benjamin adapted his literary creation to the literary market with short forms and the concept of creation close to the public. On the other hand, he exerted his political influence as a left-wing outsider on the public with his unique avant-garde techniques. These literary experiments are not only Benjamin’s exploration of the reconstruction of literature itself in the process of the drastic fusion of literary forms, but also his creative attempts to provide the proletariat with innovative production machines. The investigation of newspapers and feuilletons is a part of Benjamin’s reflection on modernity, and his expectation of them also contains his intention to address the crisis of modernity.