某轨道货运罐式集装箱结构随机振动疲劳分析

Random Vibration Fatigue Analysis of Rail Freight Tank Container Structure

罐式集装箱结构主要采用钢结构焊接而成,而焊缝是整个结构中疲劳相对薄弱的位置,如何在设计阶段评估该罐式集装箱焊接结构的疲劳可靠性是个难题。文中首先建立带焊缝细节的罐式集装箱结构有限元模型,基于IEC 61373-2010标准中的模拟长寿命随机振动载荷谱,引入网格不敏感频域结构应力法,分析随机载荷下罐式集装箱结构关键焊缝抗疲劳性能,结果显示该集装箱结构的关键焊缝结构满足纵向、横向、垂向3个方向各5 h随机载荷谱作用下总损伤小于1的要求。频域结构应力法,可以考虑结构的随机振动能量频域分布对焊缝疲劳寿命的影响,同时方便找出与焊缝疲劳寿命密切相关的关键模态,能够为轨道车辆焊接结构的设计与优化提供技术支持。

The tank container structure was designed by the steel component of welded structure,and the weld line is relatively the weak position in the whole structure.How to evaluate the fatigue reliability of tank container welded structure in design stage is a difficult mission.In this paper,the finite element model of tank container structure with weld details was built,according to the long-life random vibration load spectrum of the IEC 61373-2010 standard,the mesh-insensitive frequency domain structural stress method was applied to analyze the fatigue resistance performance of key welds in tank container structure under random loads,and the results show that the total damage of key weld line in the container structure are less than 1.0 under the action of 5 hours random spectrum in longitudinal,transverse and vertical directions separately.The effect of random vibration energy distribution in frequency domain to the fatigue life of weld can be considered into the frequency domain structural stress method,and it is easy to find out the key modals which are closely related to the fatigue life of weld line.Methods used in this paper can provide technical support for welded structural design and optimization in railway vehicle.