《1857-1858年经济学手稿》中的共同体论题:马克思资本范畴诠释的逻辑支点

The Thesis of Community in the Economic Manuscripts of 1857-1858:The Logical Fulcrum of Marx’s Capital Category Interpretation

共同体论题是马克思用以撬动资本范畴的重要逻辑支点。在《1857-1858年经济学手稿》中,马克思经由共同体界划出资本之所以成为资本的第二循环,揭露了被物的关系所遮蔽的资本主义社会人与人的关系。这意味着在共同体视域下,马克思主义初步实现了三大统一,即政治经济学研究不同阶段理论的统一、批判资产阶级政治经济学不同理论的统一以及资本范畴历史性与阶级性的统一,这是马克思持续推进政治经济学研究、完善马克思主义政治经济学体系迈出的决定性的一步,也为我们理解当代资本主义发展,特别是资本全球化生成的社会问题提供了科学的路径与指导。

The community topic is an important logical fulcrum for Marx to leverage the category of capital.In the Economic Manuscripts of 1857-1858,Marx delineated the second circulation of capital through the community boundary,exposing the relationship between people in capitalist society that was concealed by the relationship between objects.This means that from the perspective of the community,Marx has preliminarily realized three major unifications,namely,the unification of theories in different stages of political economics research,the unification of different theories critical of bourgeois political economy,and the unification of the historical and class nature of capital categories.The continuous promotion of political economics research and the improvement of the Marxist political economics system have taken a decisive step,and also provide us with a scientific path and guidance for understanding the development of contemporary capitalism,especially the social problems generated by the globalization of capital.