“舆论史”知识论域与理论体系的初步探索

The Preliminary Construction of the Knowledge Domain and Theoretical System of the History of Public Opinion

舆论史是一门综合性、交叉性的新兴学科。构建舆论史的知识论域和理论体系,既需要厘清舆论史的知识体系,重点研究历史时期的舆论属性、舆论主体、舆论客体、舆论载体、舆论政策、舆论生成、舆论形态、舆论功能、舆论思想等核心要素;也需要将舆论史研究引入由历史文献、历史阐释和历史价值共同构成的立体化格局中,从分散、模糊、繁复的文献记载中提炼典型的舆论术语,推衍完整的舆论表象,探寻真实的舆论形态,揭示清晰的舆论规律,总结独特的舆论价值。唯有如此,才能从马克思主义历史观、新闻观出发,逐步构建具有中国特色的专业性、系统性“舆论史”理论体系。

The history of public opinion is a comprehensive and intersecting emerging discipline.To construct the knowledge theory domain and theoretical system of the history of public opinion,it is necessary to clarify the knowledge system of the history of public opinion,and focus on the core elements such as public opinion attribute,public opinion subject,public opinion object,public opinion carrier,public opinion policy,public opinion generation,public opinion form,public opinion function and public opinion thought in the historical period.It is also necessary to introduce the study of the history of public opinion into the three-dimensional pattern composed of historical documents,historical interpretation and historical values,extract typical terms of public opinion,derive a complete representation of public opinion.explore the true form of public opinion,reveal the clear law of public opinion,and summarize the unique value of public opinion from scattered,vague and complicated literature records.Only in this way can we gradually build a professional and systematic“history of public opinion”theoretical system that adheres to the Marxist view of history and Journalism and has Chinese characteristics.