北京市房山区废弃矿山地质环境问题及修复治理探讨

Discussion on Geological Environment Problems and Restoration of AbandonedMines in Fangshan District,Beijing

研究区位于华北平原与太行山脉的过渡地带,地貌复杂,沟壑纵横,地质稳定性较差。区内矿山开采中的废弃矿渣堆积形成了不稳定斜坡,在外界因素影响下,极易形成滑坡地质灾害;同时对区内地形地貌造成了严重的破坏,包括裸岩边坡、土质边坡、废渣堆、料堆、裸露平台等。这些矿山地质环境问题不仅影响了区内地质环境的稳定性,还严重的破坏了土地资源,造成区内植被无法生长,土地难以利用等,针对矿山地质环境现状及特点,不稳定斜坡采用坡脚修建石笼挡墙+坡面覆土绿化措施;崩塌采用危岩清除+平整渣堆+修建挡土墙+覆土绿化+截排水沟措施进行矿山地质环境恢复治理。

The study area is located in the transition zone between the North China Plain and the Taihang Mountains,with complex landforms,ravines and ravines,and poor geological stability.The accumulation of waste slag in mining in the area forms unstable slope,which is easy to form landslide geological disaster under the influence of external factors.At the same time,it has caused serious damage to the topography of the area,including bare rock slope,soil slope,waste slag pile,material pile,exposed platform,etc.These mine geological environment problems not only affect the stability of the geological environment in the area,but also seriously destroy the land resources,causing the vegetation in the area can not grow,land is difficult to use,etc.,according to the current situation and characteristics of the geological environment of the mine,the unstable slope uses the stone cage retaining wall+slope cover soil greening measures;The measures of removing dangerous rock,levelling slag pile,building retaining wall,covering soil and greening and cutting drainage ditch are adopted to restore and control the geological environment of mine.