SGLT-2抑制剂与疾病获益的研究进展

Progress of SGLT-2 inhibitors in disease benefits

SGLT-2抑制剂通过抑制肾近端小管对钠-葡萄糖的重吸收而发挥降糖作用,进而对机体代谢发挥调节作用。本文对SGLT-2抑制剂在多种疾病中的作用进行综述。文献复习结果表明,SGLT-2抑制剂下调氧化应激保护血管内皮功能,降低心血管疾病的发病率及死亡率;抑制环磷酸腺苷蛋白的激活及肾小管结构纤维化,减轻肾脏损伤;延缓非酒精性脂肪肝的进程,改善肝脏组织学变性和脂肪性肝炎;增加尿酸的排泄,减少痛风的发生;减轻体重、纠正脂质代谢异常并改善胰岛素抵抗,从而在肥胖中发挥显著疗效;降低睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数等治疗阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停;减少脑部炎症、脑细胞凋亡和脑氧化应激改善认知障碍,此外在多种类型的肿瘤发生发展中突出其独特的抑制功效。提示SGLT-2抑制剂在多种合并疾病中均能发挥良好作用。

SGLT-2 inhibitors play a hypoglycemic role by inhibiting the reabsorption of sodium and glucose by the proximal renal tubules,and thus play a regulatory role in body metabolism.This article reviews the benefits of SGLT-2 inhibitors in a variety of diseases in the context of recent research literature.The results of literature review show that SGLT-2 inhibitors down-regulate oxidative stress to protect vascular endothelial function and reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality;inhibit cyclic adenosine monophosphate protein activation and renal tubular structural fibrosis to reduce renal injury;delay the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver and improve hepatic histological degeneration and steatohepatitis;increase uric acid excretion to alleviate the occurrence of gout;reduce body weight,correct lipid abnormalities and improve insulin metabolism,reduce sleep apnea and hypopnea index to treat obstructive sleep apnea.It reduces brain inflammation,brain cell apoptosis and oxidative stress to improve cognitive impairment.In addition,it could highlight its unique inhibitory effect in the occurrence and development of multiple types of tumors.These results suggest that SGLT-2 inhibitors work well in a variety of comorbid diseases.