日粮中添加微量元素硒对肉鸡生长性能及抗氧化功能的影响

Effects of selenium on growth performance and antioxidant function of broilers

文章旨在探究日粮中添加硒对肉鸡生长性能及抗氧化功能的影响。试验将当地繁殖场购买的体重相差较小的120只白羽肉鸡随机分为6组,每组4个重复,每个重复5只鸡,包括常规组、1组、2组、3组、4组、5组,常规组饲喂常规饲料,其余各组分别在此基础上通过亚硒酸钠的形式加入不同含量的硒(1组0.1 mg/kg、2组0.2 mg/kg、3组0.3 mg/kg、4组0.4 mg/kg、5组0.5 mg/kg),观察各组平均日采食量、平均日增重、料重比、肝和血清中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、丙二醛(MDA)、总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)。结果表明,与常规组相比,1、2组平均日采食量显著下降(P<0.05),而4、5组平均日采食量显著上升(P<0.05);同时,1、2、3、4、5组平均日增重显著上升(P<0.05),料重比显著下降(P<0.05)。与常规组肉鸡相比,1、2、3、4、5组的肝GSH-Px、肝T-AOC、血清GSH-Px显著上升(P<0.05),而肝MDA、血清MDA、血清T-AOC显著下降(P<0.05),1、2、3、4、5组的肝GSH-Px、肝T-AOC、血清GSH-Px显著上升(P<0.05),而肝MDA、血清MDA、血清T-AOC显著下降(P<0.05)。与1组相比,2、3、4、5组的平均日采食量显著上升(P<0.05),2组料重比显著下降(P<0.05),3、4、5组料重比显著上升(P<0.05),2组和5组的平均日增重显著上升(P<0.05),而4组的平均日增重显著下降(P<0.05),2、3、4组的肝GSH-Px、肝T-AOC、血清GSH-Px显著上升(P<0.05),而肝MDA、血清MDA显著下降(P<0.05);与2组相比,3、4、5组的平均日采食量、料重比和血清GSH-Px显著上升(P<0.05),平均日增重显著下降(P<0.05)。与3组相比,4组的平均日采食量和料重比显著上升(P<0.05),平均日增重显著下降(P<0.05),5组的平均日采食量和平均日增重显著上升(P<0.05),料重比显著下降(P<0.05);5组的平均日增重显著高于4组(P<0.05),料重比显著低于4组(P<0.05)。结论:日粮中加入适量硒可以显著提高肉鸡生长性能,增强肉鸡抗氧化能力,但当添加硒的量过多时会引起生长性能下降。在本试验条件下,硒的适宜添加量为0.2 mg/kg。

The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of selenium on growth performance and antioxidant function of broilers.120 white feather broilers with similar weight were purchased from local breeding farm,and randomly divided into 6 groups,each group has 4 replicates,and each replicate has 5 broilers.Six groups of broilers were routine group,group 1,group 2,group 3,group 4 and group 5 respectively.,10 broilers were duplicated in each group,The control group was fed with conventional feed.On this basis,0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4,0.5 mg/kg selenium was added in the form of sodium selenite in group 1,group 2,group 3,group 4 and group 5 respectively,and the average daily feed intake,average daily gain,feed-to-weight ratio,GSH-Px in liver and serum of each group were observed.The results showed that:Compared with the conventional group,liver GSH-Px,liver T-AOC and serum GSH-Px in group 1,group 2,group 3,group 4 and group 5 increased significantly(P<0.05),while liver MDA,serum MDA and serum T-AOC decreased significantly(P<0.05).The average daily feed intake of group 1 and group 2 decreased significantly(P<0.05),while the average daily feed intake of group 4 and group 5 increased significantly(P<0.05).At the same time,the average daily gain of group 1,group 2,group 3,group 4 and group 5 increased significantly(P<0.05),and the feed-to-weight ratio decreased significantly(P<0.05).Compared with Group 1,the average daily feed intake of Group 2,Group 3,Group 4 and Group 5 increased significantly(P<0.05),the feed-to-weight ratio of Group 2 decreased significantly(P<0.05),the feed-to-weight ratio of Group 3,Group 4 and Group 5 increased significantly(P<0.05),and the average daily gain of Group 2 and Group 5 increased significantly(P<0.05)Compared with the two groups,the average daily feed intake,feed-to-weight ratio and serum GSH-Px in the three groups,four groups and five groups increased significantly(P<0.05),while the average daily gain decreased significantly(P<0.05).Compared with the three groups,the average daily feed intake and feed-to-weight ratio of the four groups increased significantly(P<0.05),while the average daily gain decreased significantly(P<0.05).The average daily feed intake and average daily gain of the five groups increased significantly(P<0.05),while the feed-to-weight ratio decreased significantly(P<0.05).The average daily gain of the five groups was significantly higher than that of the four groups(P<0.05),while the feed-to-weight ratio was significantly lower than that of the four groups(P<0.05).Conclusion:Adding proper amount of selenium to the diet can significantly increase the growth performance of broilers and help them enhance their antioxidant function,but when adding too much selenium,the growth performance will be reduced.According to the comprehensive experimental results,the appropriate amount of selenium is 0.2mg/kg.